Exam 2: Ketones

Question 1

Liver makes ketones from ____

Answer 1

Acetyl CoA

Question 2

Ketones are transported in ___ to reach muscles and the brain

Answer 2

Blood

Question 3

Ketones are used to spare ___ during ___

Answer 3

Glucose

Fasting

Question 4

In ketone synthesis, 2 acetyl CoA form a single

Answer 4

Acetoacetyl CoA

Question 5

The enzyme that forms acetoacetyl CoA is

Answer 5

Thiolase

Question 6

Acetoacetyl CoA combines with another acetyl CoA forming ____ via this enzyme

Answer 6

HMG CoA

HMG CoA synthase

Question 7

HMG CoA is converted to acetoacetate via

Answer 7

HMG CoA Lyase

Question 8

Acetoacetate is reduced to ____ and NADH is oxidized to NAD

Answer 8

3-hydroxybutyrate

Question 9

In ketolysis in tissues, 3 hydroxybutyrate enters the cell and is converted to

Answer 9

Acetoacetate

Question 10

In ketolysis in tissues, CoA is donated by ___ to form acetoacetyl CoA, via this enzyme

Answer 10

Succinyl CoA

Thiophorase

Question 11

Ketolysis does not occur in the liver because it lacks

Answer 11

Thiophorase

Question 12

What impact will insulin have on ketone production

Answer 12

Inhibit

Question 13

What impact will glucagon have on ketone production

Answer 13

Stimulate

Question 14

Rate limiting step in ketone synthesis

Answer 14

HMG CoA Synthase

Question 15

Fasting causes an increase in

Answer 15

Beta oxidation

Question 16

Increased beta oxidation causes increased

Answer 16

Acetyl CoA

Question 17

Increased acetyl CoA causes

Answer 17

PDH inhibition

Question 18

When NADH is increased, OAA is converted to

Answer 18

Malate

Question 19

Decreased OAA causes less ___ to be made, which causes excess ____

Answer 19

Citrate

Acetyl CoA

Question 20

Acetyl CoA is converted to

Answer 20

Ketones