Exam 2 - Respiratory Surgery Flashcards
what are the components of brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS)?
- hypoplastic trachea
- stenotic nares
- everted laryngeal saccules
- elongated soft palate
in an animal with an elongated soft palate, what surgery can be performed to correct it?
staphylectomy - resection of the posterior soft palate
label the numbered structures
- trachea
- laryngeal ventricle
- epiglottis
- vocal fold
- corniculate process
- cuniform processes
what are some different factors of laryngeal paralysis?
breed specific
acquired - metabolic or idiopathic
what age animals are typically affected by acquired laryngeal paralysis?
over 6 years old
what age animals are typically affected by congenital laryngeal paralysis?
breed specific - less than 6 months
what are some different causes of acquired laryngeal paralysis?
neoplasia, trauma, infection, iatrogenic, idiopathic, & metabolic
T/F: hypothyroidism is a metabolic cause of laryngeal paralysis
false - not proven but may worsen animal’s clinical signs
what animals are typically affected by the idiopathic acquired form of laryngeal paralysis?
9-12 year old large breed dogs (labs, st. bernard, irish setter, afghan hounds, rotties)
what are some clinical signs associated with idiopathic laryngeal collapse?
stridor, dyspnea, difficulty rising, paresis, dysphagia, muscle atrophy, & exercise intolerance
what is the treatment for idiopathic laryngeal paralysis?
tie back surgery - open the larynx permanently
what are the pros & cons for a tie back surgery for laryngeal paralysis?
larynx is permanently opened
risk of aspiration pneumonia & dogs can’t swim
what is the approach for a temporary tracheotomy?
between the 3rd & 4th tracheal rings, ventral approach
if placing a temporary tracheotomy, what should you be careful in avoiding?
recurrent laryngeal nerve on the lateral aspect & vagosympathetic trunk, & carotid artery
as far as managing a patient with a endotracheal tube, what should be considered?
use as big of a tube as possible
don’t inflate the cuff unless the animal is on a ventilator/anesthetic gas
humidify - add sterile saline/nebulize
replace tube as needed
suction mucous as needed
provide 24 hour care