exam 2 lecture 7/8 Flashcards
GTPS:
- primary cause of:
- weak ___ _____
- plays a role:
- lateral hip pain
- hip abductors
- tension stress; also compression (midstance & TFL)
what is Trendelenburg sign?
weak hip falls into pelvic on femoral adduction
contralateral hip drop
what is an uncompensated response of trendelenburg sign?
weak hip abductors
opposite side hip drop
what is a compensated response of Trendelenburg sign?
weak hip abductors
line of gravity shifts towards weak hip
when does the piriformis act as an external rotator?
hip extended, anatomical position
line of pull is posterior to the vertical axis of rotation
when does the piriformis act as an internal rotator?
hip flexed
using a cane reduces: (2)
compressive forces if in opposite hand
JRF by reducing activation of hip abductors (36%)
counterclockwise forces (hip ____) = clockwise forces (_____ and ______ weight held)
abd
BW; contralateral
connective tissue reinforcement of posterior capsule:
oblique popliteal ligament
arcuate popliteal ligament
muscular reinforcement of posterior capsule:
popliteus
gastroc
hamstrings
connective tissue reinforcement of posterior lateral capsule:
arcuate popliteal ligament
LCL
popliteofibular ligament
muscle reinforcement of posterior lateral capsule:
tendon of popliteus
where does the medial capsule run?
patellar tendon to posterior capsule medial side
connective tissue reinforcement of medial capsule:
- anterior 1/3:
- middle 1/3:
- posterior 1/3:
- thin layer of fascia - medial patellar retinacular fibers
- medial pat retinacular fibers, superficial and deep MCL
- thick! starts near adductor tubercle, blends w SM tendinous expansion and posterior capsule & posterior oblique ligament. Pes anserine reinforces
muscular reinforcement of medial capsule:
SM
SGT - pes anserine
TF joint:
- _____, ______ femoral condyles. _____, ______ tibial plateaus
- ______ motion but ______ _____ provides stability
- ______ acts as gaskets to form seats for the femoral condyles
- large, convex. flat, smaller
- excessive; soft tissue
- menisci
menisci:
- anchored to intercondylar region of tibia @ ____
- external edge of each meniscus is attached to tibia and the capsule by _____ _______
- the two are connected anteriorly by _______ ______
anterior/posterior horns
coronary ligaments
transverse ligament
what muscles are attached to the menisci which helps to stabilize
quads
SM
popliteus to lateral
which ligament in the knee attaches to the meniscus? which does NOT?
MCL
LCL (only attaches to lateral capsule)