exam 2 lecture 6 Flashcards

1
Q

what muscle groups does the femoral nerve supply?
nerve roots?
sensory supply?

A

most hip flexors and all knee extensors
L2-4
sensory anterior/medial thigh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what muscles does the obturator nerve supply?
nerve roots?
sensory supply?

A

hip adductors, obturator externus
L2-4
sensory medial thigh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what nerves make up the sacral plexus?

A

superior gluteal n
inferior gluteal n
nerve to piriformis
sciatic n (tibial & common fibular)
nerve to obturator internus and gemellus superior
nerve to quadratus femoris and gemellus inferior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what regions do the sacral plexus innervate?

A

posterior/lateral hip
posterior thigh
entire lower leg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are the hip flexors?

A

iliopsoas
sartorius
TFL
rectus femoris
adductor longus
pectineus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

attachments for iliopsoas and psoas minor:

A

iliacus: iliacus fossa/over SIJ
psoas major: TP T12 (blend w diaphragm)
both –> anterior to femoral head and attaches at lesser trochanter

psoas minor: directly ant. to psoas major

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what muscle is the prominent femoral on hip flexor and flexor of trunk/pelvis and creates frontal plane stability?

A

iliopsoas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

innervation for iliopsoas and psoas minor:

A

anterior ramus of spinal nerve L1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what muscle does hip flexion/ER/ABD and is the longest muscle in the body? AKA tailor’s muscle

A

sartorius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

sartorius attachments:

A

ASIS –> medial proximal tibia @ pes anserine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

sartorius innervation:

A

femoral nerve (post division of L2/3)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

TFL attachments:

A

ilium to IT band

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what muscle does hip flexion and abd.
IR (@90º hip flexion)

A

TFL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

TFL innervation:

A

superior gluteal n. (L4-S1)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what forms fascial sheets of intermuscular septa, has ITB formed deeper & glut max & TFL attach to it?

A

fascia latae of the thigh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

ITB innervation:

A

superior gluteal n (L4-S1)
inferior gluteal n (L5-S2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what muscle is between sartorius and TFL, a primary knee extensor & creates 1/3 of isometric torque at hip?

A

rectus femoris

18
Q

attachments for rectus femoris:

A

AIIS & superior rim of acetab. –> tibia

19
Q

innervation of rectus femoris:

A

femoral n

20
Q

with normal activation of abdominal muscles, how does the pelvis stay stabilized and prevent ant. tilting?

A

strong inferior pull of hip flexor muscles,

21
Q

what happens with a reduced activation of abdominal muscles?

A

contraction of hip flexor muscles causes a marked anterior tilt of the pelvis

22
Q

what are hip adductors named by their layers?

A

superficial:
- pectineus
- gracilis
- adductor longus

middle:
-adductor brevis

deep:
- adductor magnus

23
Q

when crossing R leg over to kick a soccer ball, what is occuring in the frontal plane?

A

right leg - femoral on pelvis
concentric add. on both R (pectineus, add. brevis & longus) & L (add. magnus)
eccentric activation of L glut med to control velocity and extent of the drop of adducting the left hip

24
Q

weakness of what 3 things may place a valgus strain on LE and risk ACL tear?

A

glut med
ERs
foot position

25
Q

when hip is near full flexion, what do the adductors assist with?

A

extension

26
Q

when hip is near full ext, what do the adductors assist with?

A

flexion

27
Q

true or false. in anatomical position there are NO perfectly positioned IRs?

A

true

28
Q

what muscle when in 60-90 deg of flex is considered IR?

A

piriformis

29
Q

what are the IRs function during gait?

A

during stance they rotate the pelvis on the femur

30
Q

what muscles act secondarily as IRs to help drive the swing leg in the gait cycle?

A

TFL
anterior fibers of glut min/glut med
adductor longus/brevis
pectineus

31
Q

what are the primary hip extensors & their innervations?

A

glut max - inferior gluteal n
hamstrings - sciatic (tibial part L5-S2)
post. head of adductor magnus - obturator (L2-4)

32
Q

glut max attachments:

A

ilium/sacrum/coccyx/ST/post SIJ ligaments/TL fascia –> IT band/TFL & gluteal tuberosity

33
Q

what muscle is an extensor and ER & stabilizes SIJ and lumbar region?

A

glut max

34
Q

attachments for hamstrings:

A

IT –> tibia & fibula

35
Q

when significantly leaning forward from the hips, why would this increase the hamstring activation but not the glut max?

A

forward lean increases moment arm of hamstrings therefore increases passive tension in hamstrings

36
Q

what are the primary hip abductors?

A

glut med
glut min
TFL

37
Q

glut med attachments:

A

ilium to greater trochanter

38
Q

glut min attachments:

A

same as glut med (ilium to greater trochanter) BUT deep and anterior to glut med

*may prevent impingement

39
Q

what muscle group stabilize the pelvis over fixed femur to keep pelvis from dropping during stance phase/walking?

A

hip abductors
–> every step combined w/ =&opp. JRF

40
Q

what are the primary ERs?
(nerves are n. to that muscle)

A

glut max - inf gluteal n
5/6 “short ERs”:
- piriformis
- obturator internus
- gemelli superior
- gemelli inferior
- quadratus femoris

41
Q

when the R leg is planted, ER will rotate the anterior side of the pelvis and the trunk to the _______

A

left
* contralateral to the rotators

42
Q

can you create more strain in eccentric or concentric?

A

eccentric