ankle and foot arthrology - exam 3

Question 1

What are the 3 lateral collateral ligaments?
-80% of _______

Answer 1

A/P TaloFibular Lig.
CalcaneoFibular Lig.
“sprained” ligaments

Question 2

Collateral Ligaments:
-motion of injury

Answer 2

inversion of ankle sprains (calcaneus in slight inversion at heel contact & medial malleolus cannot block

Question 3

Anterior TaloFibular (ATF)
runs______

Answer 3

ant. lat. to neck of talus

Question 4

What is the most frequently injured lateral collateral ligament?
–motions

Answer 4

ATF
–inversion/adduction (IR) especially with PF (ant. slide of talus)

Question 5

CalcaneoFibular (CF) runs _____
–resists:

Answer 5

inf. and post. from apex of lat. malleolus to calcaneus
inversion @ TC especially w/ full DF (post . slide of talus)

Question 6

Which ligament stabilizes Talus in mortise?

Answer 6

PTF

Question 7

Posterior TaloFibualr (PTF:)
-runs:
-limits:

Answer 7

post. lat. tubercle of talus to lat. malleolus - runs horizontal

limits aBd/er (post slide of Talus)

Question 8

The TaloCrural Joint: (tibfib/talus)
–one primary ______
Why is the TC jt. axis unique?

Answer 8

one primary degree of freedom

axis: through talus and the tips of malleoli; lateral to inf. and post. to med. —-> not pure ML

Question 9

Due to the axis of the TC Jt. not being pure ML it causes:
DF with?
PF with?

Answer 9

DF w/slight aBd/eversion
PF w/slight aDd/inversion

**technically due to supination /pronation but ignored clinically due to small contribution

Question 10

What is the neutral position of the TC Jt.

-the TC jt. permits for more PF or DF?

Answer 10

0º of TC joint = foot at 90º to leg

PF: 40-55º

Question 11

arthrokinematics: talocrural joint open chain DF
–mortise?
–taut ligs? (3)

Answer 11

• talus rolls forward (relative to leg) and slides posterior
• mortise occupied (wedged) and is closed packed position (tib/fib slide apart slightly)
• CF, PTF, Post.TibioTalar of Delt.

Question 12

arthrokinematics: talocrural joint closed chain DF

Answer 12

• tibia moves anteriorly
• mortise still in closed packed position

Question 13

What position would you mobilize the talus to gain DF?

Answer 13

post. directed translation of talus relative to leg

Question 14

arthrokinematics: talocrural joint open chain PF

• the talus _______ mortise

Answer 14

talus rolls posteriorly and slides anteriorly

(talus not in mortise; decreased ankle stability)

Question 15

arthrokinematics: talocrural joint closed chain PF

• the talus _______ mortise

Answer 15

CC tibia moves posteriorly

(talus not in mortise; decreased ankle stability)

Question 16

arthrokinematics: talocrural joint PF (CC and OC)
- taut lig
- extreme PF can have?

Answer 16

• taut lig: ATF, tibionavicular
  impingement of distal tibia/post talus or calcaneus esp with os trigonum (rare accessory bone)

Question 17

The joint between the talus and calcaneus?

Answer 17

subtalar joint

Question 18

Motions of the subtalar joint?
NWB:
WB:

Answer 18

NWB: calcaneus moves relative to fixed talus (in mortise)
WB: leg and talus move over calcaneus; allows foot to assume positions that are independent of the leg

Question 19

What are the 3 articulations of the Subtalar Joint:

Answer 19

posterior/middle/anterior facets on calcaneus and talus

Question 20

The post. articulation of the subtalar joint = _____% of total area; _______ talus rests on _______ posterior facet of calcaneus

held tightly by:

Answer 20

70%; concave/convex
interlocking shape, ligaments, BW and activated mm.

Question 21

subtalar joint arthrokinematics:
-involving sliding motion @ _____ facets
-axis:

Answer 21

3 facets; curvilinear arc

-axis lat/post heel through subtalar joint in ant/med/sup

Question 22

subtalar joint osteokinematics
-overall motion
- 3 components

Answer 22

pronation (eversion, abduction) / supination (inversion, adduction)
1. eversion/ inversion
2. abduction/ adduction
3. DF/ PF (very small amount)

Question 23

subtalar WB motions
- pronation
- supination

Answer 23

• pronation: calcaneus Ev; talus does add/PF
• supination: calcaneus Inv; talus does abd/DF

Question 24

subtalar NWB motions
- pronation
- supination

Answer 24

-pronation: calcaneus moves into Ev/ab/DF

-supination: calcaneus moves into Inv/add/PF

Question 25

transverse tarsal joint or known as
–consist of two joints:
–MOST _____ joint of the foot: ______ cardinal planes of motion

Answer 25

midtarsal or Chopart’s joint
–Talonavicular and Calcaneocuboid
versatile; 3

Question 26

transverse tarsal joint:
-function:
-functions closely w/ ________ joint to allow

Answer 26

allows weight-bearing foot to adapt to a variety of contours

subtalar joint to allow supination/pronation

Question 27

transverse tarsal joint: talonavicular
- resembles ______ and _____
- provides sustainable _______ to medial and longitudinal column of foot
- spring lig is _______

Answer 27

ball and socket
mobility
NOT very springy; very resistant

Question 28

Transverse Tarsal: Kinematics
-allows calcaneus to move.
Both ______ and transverse tarsal joints provide _______
-the _______ spins in the talonavicular joint

Answer 28

ST; pronation/supination
navicular

Question 29

transverse tarsal joint: osteokinematics:
–what are the 2 separate axes

Answer 29

longitudinal (almost AP/ eversion/inversion)

oblique (vertical and medial pitch/ abd/DF and add/PF)

Question 30

transverse tarsal joint: arthrokinematics

spin of the _______ around convex head of talus lifts medial arch – pull of the __________

-reverse with pull of _____

Answer 30

navicular; post. tibilais
pernoeus