ankle and foot arthrology - exam 3 Flashcards
What are the 3 lateral collateral ligaments?
-80% of _______
A/P TaloFibular Lig.
CalcaneoFibular Lig.
“sprained” ligaments
Collateral Ligaments:
-motion of injury
inversion of ankle sprains (calcaneus in slight inversion at heel contact & medial malleolus cannot block
Anterior TaloFibular (ATF)
runs______
ant. lat. to neck of talus
What is the most frequently injured lateral collateral ligament?
–motions
ATF
–inversion/adduction (IR) especially with PF (ant. slide of talus)
CalcaneoFibular (CF) runs _____
–resists:
inf. and post. from apex of lat. malleolus to calcaneus
inversion @ TC especially w/ full DF (post . slide of talus)
Which ligament stabilizes Talus in mortise?
PTF
Posterior TaloFibualr (PTF:)
-runs:
-limits:
post. lat. tubercle of talus to lat. malleolus - runs horizontal
limits aBd/er (post slide of Talus)
The TaloCrural Joint: (tibfib/talus)
–one primary ______
Why is the TC jt. axis unique?
one primary degree of freedom
axis: through talus and the tips of malleoli; lateral to inf. and post. to med. —-> not pure ML
Due to the axis of the TC Jt. not being pure ML it causes:
DF with?
PF with?
DF w/slight aBd/eversion
PF w/slight aDd/inversion
**technically due to supination /pronation but ignored clinically due to small contribution
What is the neutral position of the TC Jt.
-the TC jt. permits for more PF or DF?
0º of TC joint = foot at 90º to leg
PF: 40-55º
arthrokinematics: talocrural joint open chain DF
–mortise?
–taut ligs? (3)
- talus rolls forward (relative to leg) and slides posterior
- mortise occupied (wedged) and is closed packed position (tib/fib slide apart slightly)
- CF, PTF, Post.TibioTalar of Delt.
arthrokinematics: talocrural joint closed chain DF
- tibia moves anteriorly
- mortise still in closed packed position
What position would you mobilize the talus to gain DF?
post. directed translation of talus relative to leg
arthrokinematics: talocrural joint open chain PF
- the talus _______ mortise
talus rolls posteriorly and slides anteriorly
(talus not in mortise; decreased ankle stability)
arthrokinematics: talocrural joint closed chain PF
- the talus _______ mortise
CC tibia moves posteriorly
(talus not in mortise; decreased ankle stability)
arthrokinematics: talocrural joint PF (CC and OC)
- taut lig
- extreme PF can have?
- taut lig: ATF, tibionavicular
impingement of distal tibia/post talus or calcaneus esp with os trigonum (rare accessory bone)
The joint between the talus and calcaneus?
subtalar joint
Motions of the subtalar joint?
NWB:
WB:
NWB: calcaneus moves relative to fixed talus (in mortise)
WB: leg and talus move over calcaneus; allows foot to assume positions that are independent of the leg
What are the 3 articulations of the Subtalar Joint:
posterior/middle/anterior facets on calcaneus and talus
The post. articulation of the subtalar joint = _____% of total area; _______ talus rests on _______ posterior facet of calcaneus
held tightly by:
70%; concave/convex
interlocking shape, ligaments, BW and activated mm.
subtalar joint arthrokinematics:
-involving sliding motion @ _____ facets
-axis:
3 facets; curvilinear arc
-axis lat/post heel through subtalar joint in ant/med/sup
subtalar joint osteokinematics
-overall motion
- 3 components
pronation (eversion, abduction) / supination (inversion, adduction)
1. eversion/ inversion
2. abduction/ adduction
3. DF/ PF (very small amount)
subtalar WB motions
- pronation
- supination
- pronation: calcaneus Ev; talus does add/PF
- supination: calcaneus Inv; talus does abd/DF
subtalar NWB motions
- pronation
- supination
-pronation: calcaneus moves into Ev/ab/DF
-supination: calcaneus moves into Inv/add/PF
transverse tarsal joint or known as
–consist of two joints:
–MOST _____ joint of the foot: ______ cardinal planes of motion
midtarsal or Chopart’s joint
–Talonavicular and Calcaneocuboid
versatile; 3
transverse tarsal joint:
-function:
-functions closely w/ ________ joint to allow
allows weight-bearing foot to adapt to a variety of contours
subtalar joint to allow supination/pronation
transverse tarsal joint: talonavicular
- resembles ______ and _____
- provides sustainable _______ to medial and longitudinal column of foot
- spring lig is _______
ball and socket
mobility
NOT very springy; very resistant
Transverse Tarsal: Kinematics
-allows calcaneus to move.
Both ______ and transverse tarsal joints provide _______
-the _______ spins in the talonavicular joint
ST; pronation/supination
navicular
transverse tarsal joint: osteokinematics:
–what are the 2 separate axes
longitudinal (almost AP/ eversion/inversion)
oblique (vertical and medial pitch/ abd/DF and add/PF)
transverse tarsal joint: arthrokinematics
spin of the _______ around convex head of talus lifts medial arch – pull of the __________
-reverse with pull of _____
navicular; post. tibilais
pernoeus
