ankle and foot arthrology - exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 lateral collateral ligaments?
-80% of _______

A

A/P TaloFibular Lig.
CalcaneoFibular Lig.
“sprained” ligaments

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2
Q

Collateral Ligaments:
-motion of injury

A

inversion of ankle sprains (calcaneus in slight inversion at heel contact & medial malleolus cannot block

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3
Q

Anterior TaloFibular (ATF)
runs______

A

ant. lat. to neck of talus

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4
Q

What is the most frequently injured lateral collateral ligament?
–motions

A

ATF
–inversion/adduction (IR) especially with PF (ant. slide of talus)

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5
Q

CalcaneoFibular (CF) runs _____
–resists:

A

inf. and post. from apex of lat. malleolus to calcaneus
inversion @ TC especially w/ full DF (post . slide of talus)

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6
Q

Which ligament stabilizes Talus in mortise?

A

PTF

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7
Q

Posterior TaloFibualr (PTF:)
-runs:
-limits:

A

post. lat. tubercle of talus to lat. malleolus - runs horizontal

limits aBd/er (post slide of Talus)

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8
Q

The TaloCrural Joint: (tibfib/talus)
–one primary ______
Why is the TC jt. axis unique?

A

one primary degree of freedom

axis: through talus and the tips of malleoli; lateral to inf. and post. to med. —-> not pure ML

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9
Q

Due to the axis of the TC Jt. not being pure ML it causes:
DF with?
PF with?

A

DF w/slight aBd/eversion
PF w/slight aDd/inversion

**technically due to supination /pronation but ignored clinically due to small contribution

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10
Q

What is the neutral position of the TC Jt.

-the TC jt. permits for more PF or DF?

A

0º of TC joint = foot at 90º to leg

PF: 40-55º

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11
Q

arthrokinematics: talocrural joint open chain DF
–mortise?
–taut ligs? (3)

A
  • talus rolls forward (relative to leg) and slides posterior
  • mortise occupied (wedged) and is closed packed position (tib/fib slide apart slightly)
  • CF, PTF, Post.TibioTalar of Delt.
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12
Q

arthrokinematics: talocrural joint closed chain DF

A
  • tibia moves anteriorly
  • mortise still in closed packed position
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13
Q

What position would you mobilize the talus to gain DF?

A

post. directed translation of talus relative to leg

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14
Q

arthrokinematics: talocrural joint open chain PF

  • the talus _______ mortise
A

talus rolls posteriorly and slides anteriorly

(talus not in mortise; decreased ankle stability)

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15
Q

arthrokinematics: talocrural joint closed chain PF

  • the talus _______ mortise
A

CC tibia moves posteriorly

(talus not in mortise; decreased ankle stability)

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16
Q

arthrokinematics: talocrural joint PF (CC and OC)
- taut lig
- extreme PF can have?

A
  • taut lig: ATF, tibionavicular
    impingement of distal tibia/post talus or calcaneus esp with os trigonum (rare accessory bone)
17
Q

The joint between the talus and calcaneus?

A

subtalar joint

18
Q

Motions of the subtalar joint?
NWB:
WB:

A

NWB: calcaneus moves relative to fixed talus (in mortise)
WB: leg and talus move over calcaneus; allows foot to assume positions that are independent of the leg

19
Q

What are the 3 articulations of the Subtalar Joint:

A

posterior/middle/anterior facets on calcaneus and talus

20
Q

The post. articulation of the subtalar joint = _____% of total area; _______ talus rests on _______ posterior facet of calcaneus

held tightly by:

A

70%; concave/convex
interlocking shape, ligaments, BW and activated mm.

21
Q

subtalar joint arthrokinematics:
-involving sliding motion @ _____ facets
-axis:

A

3 facets; curvilinear arc

-axis lat/post heel through subtalar joint in ant/med/sup

22
Q

subtalar joint osteokinematics
-overall motion
- 3 components

A

pronation (eversion, abduction) / supination (inversion, adduction)
1. eversion/ inversion
2. abduction/ adduction
3. DF/ PF (very small amount)

23
Q

subtalar WB motions
- pronation
- supination

A
  • pronation: calcaneus Ev; talus does add/PF
  • supination: calcaneus Inv; talus does abd/DF
24
Q

subtalar NWB motions
- pronation
- supination

A

-pronation: calcaneus moves into Ev/ab/DF

-supination: calcaneus moves into Inv/add/PF

25
Q

transverse tarsal joint or known as
–consist of two joints:
–MOST _____ joint of the foot: ______ cardinal planes of motion

A

midtarsal or Chopart’s joint
–Talonavicular and Calcaneocuboid
versatile; 3

26
Q

transverse tarsal joint:
-function:
-functions closely w/ ________ joint to allow

A

allows weight-bearing foot to adapt to a variety of contours

subtalar joint to allow supination/pronation

27
Q

transverse tarsal joint: talonavicular
- resembles ______ and _____
- provides sustainable _______ to medial and longitudinal column of foot
- spring lig is _______

A

ball and socket
mobility
NOT very springy; very resistant

28
Q

Transverse Tarsal: Kinematics
-allows calcaneus to move.
Both ______ and transverse tarsal joints provide _______
-the _______ spins in the talonavicular joint

A

ST; pronation/supination
navicular

29
Q

transverse tarsal joint: osteokinematics:
–what are the 2 separate axes

A

longitudinal (almost AP/ eversion/inversion)

oblique (vertical and medial pitch/ abd/DF and add/PF)

30
Q

transverse tarsal joint: arthrokinematics

spin of the _______ around convex head of talus lifts medial arch – pull of the __________

-reverse with pull of _____

A

navicular; post. tibilais
pernoeus