Exam 2: End of Nervous System Flashcards
biggest part of the brain
cerebrum
5th identified lobe in cerebrum
insula - visceral sensory info
visual cortex
see image from retina
wernicke’s area
comprehension
primary motor cortex is located where?
frontal lobe
primary somatosensory cortex is located where?
parietal lobe
temporal lobe functions
memory, equilibrium, emotion
frontal lobe functions
motor function, higher level cognition - abstract thought, personality
occipital lobe responsible for
vision
brocas aphasia
cannot produce speech - mechanically - mouth opening and tongue issues
association fibers
connect cortex within a hemisphere
need memory pulled into your working memory you pull from temporal lobe into frontal lobe
commissural fibers
connect hemispheres
corpus callosum
projection fibers
cannot function well if damaged
connect cerebrum to rest of brain - sesnory and motor etc
limbic system
on both sides of thalamus
emotions, memory , learning
amygdala
raw emotional response
connections ot hypothalamus, BP goes up in response
good at helping tag emotions with memories
cingulate gyrus
modification of emotional response and behavior
holds you back from doing things you shouldn’t
hippocampus
encodes memories - episodic ones
parahippocampus
puts memories in contextual form
association
you know what to do bc you have been somewhere similar even though not the exact same
fornix
retrieval, taking things from temporal and bringing them to frontal lobe
olfactory bulb
bring sense of smell
can tage memories
mammillary bodies
feeding behavior, spatial memory
basal ganglia
repetitive behavior, learning, warning, autonomic reflexes
caudate
learning, memory, caution, motivation
hyperactive-OCD
hypoactive-ADD
putamen
regulates repetitive behavior and coordinates autonomic reflexes
helps regulate voluntary movement - connections through amygdala
interacts with motor cortex and globus pallidus (interna and externa)
nucleus accumbens
reward, reinforcement, motivation
drug seeking behavior
connected to voluntary movements
what is the result of the indirect pathway (NO go) in basal ganglia pathway
inhibition of thalamus which decreases chance of unwanted movement
what is the result of the direct (Go) pathway of basal ganglia
thalamus activity increased, promotes movement
SN stimulates direct pathway while inhibiting the indirect pathway at the striatum level
parkinsons - losing dopaminergic cells from SN - which pathway effected?
direct pathwya
huntington’s chorea - damage to indirect pathway - how does this effect movement
unintentional movements since not inhibiting the thalamus - hard time limiting the movements
why do people that are trying to beat addiction refer to the feeling that they are “possessed”
cerebellum - procedural memory, hard to break the habit
emotional response with limbic system
basal ganglia - physical movements to get the drug
nucleus accumbens - motivation and reward- reinforcement
what is the site of CSF production and the internal circulatio of CSF
ventricles
what forms the BBB
tight junctions of the ependymal cells of the choroid plexus and astrocytes underlying the pial membrane
CSF circulation
-produced b choroid plexuses i the ventricle and flows through the central canal and exits through the medial and lateral apertures into the subarachnoid space
what is the CSF reabsorbed by
arachnoid villi into the dural venous sinuses
bells palsy
facial cranial nerve impairment
