Exam 2: End of Nervous System

Question 1

biggest part of the brain

Answer 1

cerebrum

Question 2

5th identified lobe in cerebrum

Answer 2

insula - visceral sensory info

Question 3

visual cortex

Answer 3

see image from retina

Question 4

wernicke’s area

Answer 4

comprehension

Question 5

primary motor cortex is located where?

Answer 5

frontal lobe

Question 6

primary somatosensory cortex is located where?

Answer 6

parietal lobe

Question 7

temporal lobe functions

Answer 7

memory, equilibrium, emotion

Question 8

frontal lobe functions

Answer 8

motor function, higher level cognition - abstract thought, personality

Question 9

occipital lobe responsible for

Answer 9

vision

Question 10

brocas aphasia

Answer 10

cannot produce speech - mechanically - mouth opening and tongue issues

Question 11

association fibers

Answer 11

connect cortex within a hemisphere

need memory pulled into your working memory you pull from temporal lobe into frontal lobe

Question 12

commissural fibers

Answer 12

connect hemispheres

corpus callosum

Question 13

projection fibers

Answer 13

cannot function well if damaged

connect cerebrum to rest of brain - sesnory and motor etc

Question 14

limbic system

Answer 14

on both sides of thalamus

emotions, memory , learning

Question 15

amygdala

Answer 15

raw emotional response
connections ot hypothalamus, BP goes up in response
good at helping tag emotions with memories

Question 16

cingulate gyrus

Answer 16

modification of emotional response and behavior

holds you back from doing things you shouldn’t

Question 17

hippocampus

Answer 17

encodes memories - episodic ones

Question 18

parahippocampus

Answer 18

puts memories in contextual form
association
you know what to do bc you have been somewhere similar even though not the exact same

Question 19

fornix

Answer 19

retrieval, taking things from temporal and bringing them to frontal lobe

Question 20

olfactory bulb

Answer 20

bring sense of smell

can tage memories

Question 21

mammillary bodies

Answer 21

feeding behavior, spatial memory

Question 22

basal ganglia

Answer 22

repetitive behavior, learning, warning, autonomic reflexes

Question 23

caudate

Answer 23

learning, memory, caution, motivation
hyperactive-OCD
hypoactive-ADD

Question 24

putamen

Answer 24

regulates repetitive behavior and coordinates autonomic reflexes
helps regulate voluntary movement - connections through amygdala
interacts with motor cortex and globus pallidus (interna and externa)

Question 25

nucleus accumbens

Answer 25

reward, reinforcement, motivation
drug seeking behavior
connected to voluntary movements

Question 26

what is the result of the indirect pathway (NO go) in basal ganglia pathway

Answer 26

inhibition of thalamus which decreases chance of unwanted movement

Question 27

what is the result of the direct (Go) pathway of basal ganglia

Answer 27

thalamus activity increased, promotes movement

SN stimulates direct pathway while inhibiting the indirect pathway at the striatum level

Question 28

parkinsons - losing dopaminergic cells from SN - which pathway effected?

Answer 28

direct pathwya

Question 29

huntington’s chorea - damage to indirect pathway - how does this effect movement

Answer 29

unintentional movements since not inhibiting the thalamus - hard time limiting the movements

Question 30

why do people that are trying to beat addiction refer to the feeling that they are “possessed”

Answer 30

cerebellum - procedural memory, hard to break the habit
emotional response with limbic system
basal ganglia - physical movements to get the drug
nucleus accumbens - motivation and reward- reinforcement

Question 31

what is the site of CSF production and the internal circulatio of CSF

Answer 31

ventricles

Question 32

what forms the BBB

Answer 32

tight junctions of the ependymal cells of the choroid plexus and astrocytes underlying the pial membrane

Question 33

CSF circulation

Answer 33

-produced b choroid plexuses i the ventricle and flows through the central canal and exits through the medial and lateral apertures into the subarachnoid space

Question 34

what is the CSF reabsorbed by

Answer 34

arachnoid villi into the dural venous sinuses

Question 35

bells palsy

Answer 35

facial cranial nerve impairment