Exam 2 development of the NS Flashcards
What induces formation of the neural plate?
Notochord
What layer of the trilaminar disc does the neural plate/tube come from?
Ectoderm
What fluid fills the neural tube?
Amniotic fluid
List the development of the neural tube/neural crest cells
Neural plate –> Neural folds –> Neural groove –> Neural tube and neural crest cells
What develops if the cranial neuropore fails to close?
Encepholocoel
What develops if the caudal neuropore fails to develop?
Spina bifida
What part of the NS does the neural tube form?
Brain and spinal cord
What part of the NS does the neural crest form?
PNS and many other non-neural derivatives
What part of the NS does the neural canal form?
Ventricular system (ventricles of brain and central canal of spinal cord
What does neuroepithelial cells differentiate into?
Neurons whose cell bodies lie in the CNS and macroglial cells in the spinal cord
What separates the alar plate and the basilar plate?
sulcus limitans
What are the different zones of maturation during the maturation of the neural tube
ventricular zone, intermediate zone, marginal zone
Describe the ventricular zone of the neural tube
Neuroepithelial cells; stem cells that form into oligodendrocytes, also become neural cells, glial cells and ependyma
Describe the intermediate zone of the neural tube
Differentiate and become the neurons/gray matter
Describe the marginal zone of the neural tube
The axons/white matter of the CNS
What layer of the neural tube develops into the alar plate and the basal plate?
Intermediate layer
What kind of neurons are found in the alar plate?
Second order sensory neurons
What kind of neurons are found in the basilar plate?
Motor neurons
Where are the first order sensory neurons? What kind of neuron is it?
Dorsal root ganglion, pseudounipolar
What occurs in the floor plate of the neural tube?
Decussation of the tracts
What kind of cells are found in the intermediate layer?
Autonomic cells
Where do axons of ventral horn neurons synapse?
Skeletal muscle
Where do axons of lateral horn neurons synapse?
Autonomic ganglia
What order neurons are found in the dorsal root ganglia?
First order neurons
What is special in terms of myelination of cells that can cross from the CNS to the PNS?
Myelinated by both Schwann cells and Oligodendrocytes
When does the neural tube completely close?
Late 3rd week
At was level of somite does the neural tube develop into the brain?
Rostral to the 4th Somite
What secondary vesicles does the Forebrain develop into?
Telencephalon, Diencephalon
What secondary vesicle does the midbrain develop into?
mesenceophalon
What secondary vesicles does the hindbrain develop into?
Metencephalon, myelencephalon
What does the telencephalon develop into?
Cerebral cortex, corpus striatum, olfactory bulbs
What does the diencephalon develop into?
thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus, subthalamus
What does the mesencephalon develop into?
tectum, tegmentum, cerebral peduncles
What does the metenceophalon develop into?
pons, cerebellum
What does the myelencephalon develop into?
medulla
What does the caudal neural tube develop into?
The spinal cord
Where does the pontine flexure develop?
Between metencephalon and myelencephalon
Where does the cephalic flexure develop?
Mesencephalon
Where does the cervical flexure develop?
myelencephalon and spinal cord
Where is the sulcus limitans in the fourth ventricle
On the floor between basal and alar plates
