Beaver Neurological diseases and injury Flashcards
What does the picture of Charcot Marie tooth look like?
Onion bulb formation
What is wrong in charcot-marie tooth disease?
duplication of a chromosome that includes gene for peripheral myelin protein 22
Describe progression of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
slow progression of muscular atrophy of the calf or distal muscle weakness
What does the picture of tuberculoid leprosy loook like?
Non-caseating granulomas of the dermis
What is Guillain-Barre syndrome?
acute inflammatory demyelinating polynueropathy
What is the clinical symptoms of Guillain-Barre?
Ascending paralysis starting in distal limbs with early deep tendon reflexes disappearing
What does Guillain-Barre usually start?
a short time after recovering from influenza-like illness
What is the histopathology of guillain-barre?
inflammation of pheripheral nerve with macrophages swarming around a nerve
What is Tay-Sachs disease?
autosomal recessive deficiency of hexamindase A leading to accumulation of gangliosides
What does B1 deficiency present as?
beri-beri
What can alcoholism lead to?
Deficiency of vit B1 leading to wernike/korsakoff syndrome
What does Vitamin b12 deficiency lead to?
anemia, slight ataxia, numbness progressing to spastic weakness, paraplegia
What is histology of vit b12 deficiency?
Picture of a spinal cord section with lesions at the ventral portion
What does a basilar fracture involve?
Usually a fracture at the base of the skull
What are the results of a basilar fracture?
battle’s sights (retroauricular ecchymosis), raccoon eyes, CSF drainage due to dural tears
What is a concussion
clinical syndrome of aleration of consciousness secondary to head injury, amnesia of the event
Describe a epidural hematoma
Lens shaped on an MRI with bleeding into the space between dura and skull
What causes an epidural hematoma?
typically rupture of middle meningeal artery
What is a subdural hematoma?
crescent shaped on MRI, caused by a tear of the bridging veins
Are patients lucid for several hours in an epidural hematoma or a subdural hematoma?
Epidural hematoma before the development of neurological signs
