Exam 2 Coccyx Flashcards
What is the typical number of segments that unite to form the adult coccyx
4 segments
When is ossification of the coccyx completed
About age 30
What is the direction of fusion of coccygeal segments
From caudal to cranial the last segments to fuse together are co1 and co2
What is the direction of the coccygeal curve
Posterior kyphotic
What is the major motion and range of motion for coccyx
Flexion extension 5 to 20°
How many coccygeal nerves are present in the fetus
Typically five pairs of coccygeal nerves are present
How many coccygeal nerves are present in the adult
Typically only one pair of coccygeal nerves remain in the adult
What forms the coccygeal nerve plexus
S4 S5 and CO1 nerves
What is the ganglion Impar
A midline sympathetic ganglion
What innervates the coccygeal glomus or coccygeal body
Both sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers are identified
What muscles attach to the coccyx
Isiococcygeus and levator ani
What joint classifications are present for coccyx
Cartilaginous amphiarthrosis symphysis and fibrous amphiarthrosis syndesmosis
What ligaments of the vertebral column will be attached to coccyx
Anterior sacral coccygeal ligament superficial posterior Sacrococcygeal ligament deep posterior Sacrococcygeal ligament posterior Sacrococcygeal ligament intracornual ligament anococcygeal ligament sacrospinalis ligament sacrotuberous ligament short posterior sacroiliac ligaments long posterior sacroiliac ligaments intervertebral disc
What is the homolog for the posterior longitudinal ligament at co1
Deep posterior Sacrococcygeal ligament
What is the homolog for the ligamentum flavum at co1
Superficial posterior sacrococcygeal ligament
