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Spinal Anatomy Summer 2015 > Exam 2 Cervical & Atypical Cervical Vertebrae 1 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Cervical & Atypical Cervical Vertebrae 1 Flashcards

1
Q

The greatest range of flexion extension among the typical cervical vertebra occurs at which vertebral couple

A

Typically C5 C6

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2
Q

What motions are coupled in the cervical spine

A

Lateral bending and axial rotation

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3
Q

Ranges of coupled motion among the typical cervical vertebra will be similar for what cervical vertebral couples

A

The C-2 C-3, C-3 C-4, C-4 C-5 Vertebral couples

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4
Q

Ranges of couple motion among the typical cervical vertebra will begin to decrease at which cervical vertebral couple

A

C-5 C-6 vertebral couple

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5
Q

What is the usual condition for the Caucasian typical cervical spinous process

A

They are bifed

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6
Q

What is the usual condition for the African-American typical cervical spinous process

A

They are non bifid

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7
Q

What muscles may attach to the typical cervical spinous process

A 
Spinalis cervicis
Semispinalis cervicis 
Semispinalis thoracis 
Multifidis 
Rotators 
Interspinalis
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8
Q

What will form the anterior boundary of a typical cervical intervertebral foramen

A

The lateral groove and vertebral body of the segment above
the uncinate process in the vertebral body of the segment below
the intervertebral disc and the posterior longitudinal ligament

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9
Q

What will form the posterior boundary of a typical cervical intervertebral foramen

A

The inferior articular process post zygapophysis
the superior articular process pre-zygapophysis
the capsular ligament
ligamentum flavum

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10
Q

What forms the unique anterior boundary of the inter-vertebral foramen for the C4 spinal nerve

A

The lateral groove of C3 and the uncinate process of C-4 forming the joint of Luschka

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11
Q

What is the name of the first cervical vertebra

A

Atlas

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12
Q

What features are lacking on C1

A

Vertebral body
pedicles
spinous process
the intravertebral disc

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13
Q

What is thought to represent the pedicle at C-1

A

The anterior arch

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14
Q

What muscle attaches to the anterior arch of C1

A

Longus colli

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15
Q

What ligaments will attach to the anterior arch of C1

A

The anterior longitudinal
anterior atlantooccipital
anterior atlantal axial

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16
Q

What is observed on the back of the anterior arch of C1

A

The Fovea dentis

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17
Q

What is the morphology of the superior articular facet of C1

A

They are elliptical

closer together in front and often demonstrate an elevation subdividing the facet service into two separate surfaces

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18
Q

What is the orientation of the superior articular facet of C1

A

Bum backward upward medial

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19
Q

What is the joint classification of the atlantooccipital zygapophysis

A

Synovial diarthrosis ellipsoidal joint

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20
Q

What are the morphological characteristics of the inferior articular facet of C1

A

Asymmetrical slightly concave or flattened

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21
Q

What is the orientation of the inferior articular facet of C1

A

BMD backward medial downward

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22
Q

What is the joint classification of the atlantoaxial zygapophysis

A

Synovial plane diarthrosis arthrodia joint

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23
Q

What is the name of the rounded elevation on the medial aspect of the lateral mass of C1

A

Tubercle for the transverse atlantal ligament

24
Q

What muscles attached to the lateral mass of C1

A

Levator scapula
Splenius cervisis
rectus capitis anterior

25
What will influence spinal kinematics
Geometry of articular facets mechanical properties of connective tissue mechanical properties of muscle
26
What is the contribution of the posterior arch to the circumference ofC1
About 40%
27
What part of C1 represents the spinous process
Posterior tubercle of the posterior posterior arch
28
What is the distance from the posterior tubercle of the posterior arch to the skin in each gender
Males: about 50 millimeters Females:! About 37 millimeters
29
What attaches to the posterior tubercle of the posterior arch of c1
Rectus capitis posterior minor | Ligamentum nuchae
30
What attaches to the arcuate rim of c1
The posterior atlanto occipital Ligament
31
Ossification of the free margin of the posterior atlanto occipital ligament results in which atypical bone classification
Accessory bone
32
What is the earliest age of development where ossification of the anterior free margin of the posterior atlanto occipital ligament was observed
About age 7 years old
33
What may be formed by ossification of the anterior free margin of the posterior atlanto occipital ligament
A partial ponticulus posticus or complete ponticulus posticus
34
What other name may be used to identify a ponticulus posticus
Kimmerles anomaly
35
What names are given to the opening formed by the ponticulus posticus
Arcuate foremen or retroarticular canal
36
Ponticulus posticus has observed in what ethnic populations
All ethnic populations studied thus far
37
What is the general range of incidence of ponticulus posticus in the population studied
1%-41%
38
What is the gender bias now associated with ponticulus posticus
Female
39
What is the location of the zygapophysis relative to the atlanto occipital and atlanto axial intervertebral foramina
It forms part of the anterior boundary of the intervertebral foramen in both cases
40
What are the osseous parts of the transverse process of c1
Costal element Posterior tubercle true transverse process
41
What osseous parts of the transverse process are absent at c1
Anterior tubercle | Costotransverse bar
42
What suboccipital muscles are known to have fascial projections attaching to the spinal dura
Rectus capitis posterior minor Rectus capitis posterior major Obliquus capitis inferior
43
What are the connections between suboccipital muscles and the Spinal dura called
Myodural bridges
44
What are the lateral bridges of atlas connected to
The lateral mass and the transverse process of atlas
45
What opening is identified when a complete lateral bridge is formed
The retrotransverse foramen
46
What are the possible contents of the retrotransverse foramen
Vertebral artery | Branches from the suboccipital nerve and Veins communicating with the venous sinuses of the neck
47
Which of the ponticles bridges of atlas is most numerous
Ponticulus posticus
48
Which of the ponticles bridges of atlas is only Observed in Humans
Lateral bridges
49
What is observed in the transverse foramen of c1
Vertebral artery Vertebral venous plexus Postganglionic sympathetic motor nerve fiber
50
What is the gender variation for measurements of the transverse diameter of c1
Males:78 millimeters Females:72 millimeters
51
What is the distance from the posterior tubercle of the transverse process of c1 to the skin for each gender
A little over 30 millimeters for both males and females
52
What muscles attach to the transverse process of c1
``` Rectus capitis anterior Rectus capitis lateralis Middle scalene Levator scapula Splenius cervicis Obliquus capitis superior Obliquus capitis inferior Intertransversarii muscles ```
53
What joint classifications are observed at C-1
Fibrous amphiarthrosis syndesmosis joint synovial diarthrosis ellipsoidal joint synovial pivot diarthrosis Trochoid joint synovial plane diarthrosis arthrodia joint
54
How many synovial joint surfaces are observed C1
5
55
What synovial joint surfaces are observed at C-1
Two superior articular facets Two inferior articular facets the fovea dentis

Spinal Anatomy Summer 2015 (67 decks)

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