Exam 2 Atypical Cervical Vertebrae C2 2 Flashcards
What unique vertebral body modification is characteristic of C2
The dens or odontoid process
How many joint surfaces are present on the odontoid process of C2
Five
What joint surfaces are present on the odontoid process of C2
Facet for Fovea dentis
groove for transverse Atlantal ligament
attachment sites for the alar ligaments
attachment site for the apical dental ligament
What joint classifications are represented at the odontoid process of C2
Fibrous amphiarthrosis syndesmosis joint
synovial plane diarthrosis Trochoid joint
What is the name given to the odontoid process when the facet for the fovea dentis lies above the groove for the transverse Atlantal ligament and the attachment sites for the apical dental and alar ligaments appear to be directed posterior
Lordotic dens
What is the name given to the odontoid process when the facet for the fovea dentis lies below the groove for the transverse atlantal ligament in the attachment sites for the apical dental and alar ligaments appear to be directed anterior
Kyphotic dens
What joint surfaces are present at the Inferior part of the vertebral body of C2
Anterior lip
posterior lip
right and left lateral groove
cancellous bone
How many joints are formed by the inferior part of vertebral body of C2
Five
What joint classifications are present at the inferior part of the vertebral body of C2
Fibrous amphiarthrosis syndesmosis
modified synovial saddle diarthrosis sellar
cartilaginous amphiarthrosis synthesis
How many joint surfaces are present at the vertebral body of C2
10
What joint classifications are present at the vertebral body of C2
Fibrous amphiarthrosis syndesmosis
synovial pivot trochoid
modified synovial saddle diarthrosis sellar
cartilaginous amphiarthrosis symphysis
What ligaments will attach posteriorly to the inferior epiphyseal rim of C2
Membrana tectoria
posterior longitudinal ligament
What ligament forms the anterior boundary for the spinal canal above C2
Membrana tectoria
What ligament forms the anterior boundary for the spinal canal below C2
posterior longitudinal ligament
What names are given to you C2
Axis or epistropheus
what lies on the upper surface on the pedicle of C2?
The superior articular process
what is the location of the superior vertebral notch of C2?
on the lamina-pedicle junction
what attaches to the lamina of C2?
Obliquus capitis inferior muscle,
Posterior atlanto-axial ligament,
Ligamentum Flavum
what is the appearance of the superior articular facets of C2?
they are symmetrical and slightly convex
what is the facet orientation of the superior articular facets of C2?
Backward, Upward and Lateral (BUL)
what is the orientation of the inferior articular facets of C2?
Forward, Lateral, and Down (FoLD)
what musclae attaches to the articular processes of C2?
Longissimus Cervicis
What osseous parts of the typical cervical transverse process are present at C2?
Costal element, Posterior tubercle and true transverse process
What is the gender variation for the transverse diameter of C2?
Males: Fifty- seven milimeters
Females; abpout fifty milimeters
what muscles attach to the transverse process of C2?
Levator Scapulae Middle Scalene Splenius Cervicis Longissimus Cervicis Intertransversarii
what is the characteristic appearance of the C2 spinous process in humans?
bifid
What muscles attach to the spinous process of C2?
Rectus Capitis Posterior Major Obliquus Capitis Inferior Spinalis Cervicis Semispinalis Cervicis Multifidis Rotators and Interspinalis muscle
