Exam 1: Tendons/Ligs/Nerves

Question 1

Fibrous tissue connecting muscle to bone

Answer 1

Tendon

Question 2

Fibrous tissue connecting bone to bone

Answer 2

Ligament

Question 3

Tendons/ligs are composed of

Answer 3

Collagen and fibrocytes

Question 4

Tendons are joined to skeletal muscle at the

Answer 4

Musculotendinous junction

Question 5

Strain/sprain are injuries to soft tissue that goes through 3 stages of healing

Answer 5

Inflammation
Repair
Remodeling

Question 6

Inflamm can last up to ____ and is characterized by

Answer 6

72 hours; pain, swelling, redness, inc temp

Question 7

Repair can last anywhere from ________ after the injury

Answer 7

48 hours - 6 weeks

Question 8

Repair is characterized by _______ forming

Answer 8

Fibroelastic and collagen

Question 9

Remodeling can take anywhere from ______ after injury

Answer 9

3 weeks to 12 months

Question 10

A strain is an

Answer 10

Overexertion/stress on contractile tissues

Question 11

Soft tissue most at risk for a strain

Answer 11

Muscle

Tendons sometimes as well

Question 12

Muscles most at risk for strains

Answer 12

Muscles crossing 2 joints

• hamstrings
• rectus femoris
• medial gastrocnemius

Question 13

Grade one strain

Answer 13

Few fibers torn
Minor weakness/loss of function

Get it when you work out

Question 14

Grade 2 strain

Answer 14

1/4 — 1/2 muscle/tendon is torn

Moderate to major weakness and loss of fxn

Question 15

Grade 3 strain

Answer 15

All fibers are torn

Major weakness and loss of fxn

Question 16

Grade 2 strains can still exhibit some ____ but it is painful

Answer 16

Active movement

Question 17

Grade 3 strains exhibit no active movement because

Answer 17

No fibers to contract (all torn)

Question 18

Grade 2 strains may exhibit ____ ROM and grade 3 strains may exhibit ____ ROM

Answer 18

Dec; inc

Question 19

Sprain

Answer 19

Overexertion or stress on non-contractile tissues

Question 20

Tissues most likely to be injured by sprain

Answer 20

Ligament

Capsule

Question 21

Grade 1 sprain

Answer 21

Few fibers torn
Minor weakness
Painful to stretch in passive movement

Question 22

Grade 2 sprain

Answer 22

1/4 - 1/2 lig torn

Moderate to major weakness

Question 23

Grade 3 sprain

Answer 23

All fibers torn

Major weakness/instability

Question 24

Grade 3 sprain, patient may exhibit minor or no pain because

Answer 24

There is nothing to stress

Question 25

Do grade 3 sprains exhibit passive movement?

Answer 25

Yes, too much

Inc ROM

Question 26

Trauma and nerve entrapment produce mechanical deformation that results in

Answer 26

Deterioration of function

Question 27

Common modes of nerve injury

Answer 27

Stretching

Compression

Question 28

In nerves, Maximal elongation at elastic limit is ____

Answer 28

20%

Question 29

Complete structural failure of a nerve seems to occur at max elongation of

Answer 29

25-30%

Question 30

Severe intraneural tissue damage is produced by tension before

Answer 30

Nerve fails/ruptures

Question 31

Tensile injuries are most often a result of

Answer 31

Accidents

Question 32

Compression of a nerve can induce symptoms:

Answer 32

Numbness
Pain
Muscle weakness

Question 33

At ____ mmHg of compression, functional changes occur

Answer 33

30

Question 34

Compression at 30 mmHg brings about changes in

Answer 34

Axonal transport systems

Question 35

Long-standing compression may thus lead to

Answer 35

Depletion of axonally transported proteins distal to compression

Question 36

80 mmHg causes

Answer 36

Complete cessation of intraneural blood flow

Question 37

But after 2+ hours of compression, blood flow is

Answer 37

Rapidly restored

Question 38

Loose pack position of a joint

Answer 38

When capsule has most slack

Resting position

Question 39

Close pack position of a joint

Answer 39

Joint surfaces are in closest approximation

Capsule and ligs maximally stressed

Question 40

When a joint becomes excessively restricted due to adhesion in the capsule

Answer 40

Adhesive capsulitis

Question 41

Capsular pattern

Answer 41

Pattern of restriction in joint due to limitations in capusle

Question 42

Non-capsular patterns can arise from

Answer 42

Joint mice
Impingements
Plica