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Foundations of Disease > Exam 1: Pathology Vocab > Flashcards

Exam 1: Pathology Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

An abnormality can be simplified as…

A

deviation from normal.

Something missing that should be there or something extra or different from normal is there.

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2
Q

Hirschsprung disease is an example of..

A

something missing

(Congenital lack of ganglion cells in a portion of the GI tract.)

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3
Q

Pulmonary edema is an example of…

A

something extra/different.

(Fluid in alveolar spaces)

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4
Q

Pathologic

Mechanisms

A
  1. Cell injury and death
  2. Inflammation and tissue repair
  3. Neoplasia
  4. Genetic and congenital
  5. Immunological
  6. Environmental and nutritional
  7. Infectious
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5
Q

Pathology

Questions to Ask

A
  1. Who gets it?
    • Age, gender, risk factors
  2. How does it happen?
    • Pathogenesis, mechanism
  3. How do we diagnose it?
    • Signs, symptoms, tests, etc
  4. What does it look like?
    • Grossly, microscopically
  5. How is it treated?
    • Drugs, surgery, etc
  6. What is the prognosis?
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6
Q

Tissue Interface

A

How to describe the interface between abnormal and normal tissue.

  1. Circumscribed
  2. Encapsulated
  3. Infiltrative
  4. Lobular
  5. Pushing border
  6. Serpiginous border
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7
Q

Circumscribed

A
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8
Q

Encapsulated

A
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9
Q

Infiltrative

A
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10
Q

Lobular

A
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11
Q

Pushing Border

A
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12
Q

Serpiginous Border

A
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13
Q

Cellularity

A
  • Must recognize if a given tissue is more or less cellular than its normal appearance
  • Less cellular than normal ⇒ hypocellular
  • More cellular than normal ⇒ hypercellular
    • Often appears blue
      • Due to number/density of nuclei
        • Stains blue on H&E
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14
Q

Hypercellular

Causes

A
  1. Inflammation
  2. Presence of lymphoid tissue
  3. Tissue repair in an early stage
  4. Neoplasm
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15
Q

Inflammation

A

Hypercellularity caused by an influx of WBCs.

Acute inflammation ⇒ neutrophils

Chronic inflammation ⇒ lymphocytes

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16
Q

Lymphoid Tissue

Presence

A

Lymphocytes have minimal cytoplasm on H&E and appears blue.

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17
Q

Tissue Repair

Early Stage

A

Granulation tissue is hypercellular.

  • Recently formed
  • Quickly growing
  • Very vascular
  • Contains inflammatory cells and fibroblasts
    • Fibroblasts will make collagen for repair
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18
Q

Neoplasm

A

Many neoplasms hypercellular compared to normal tissue.

  • Increased nuclear:cytoplasm ratio characteristic of maligmant cells
  • Most appear as a very blue lesion on H&E
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19
Q

Architectural Pattern

A

Another important descriptor of tissue appearance.

Certain terms associated with particular lesions.

  1. Alveolar
  2. Biphasic
  3. Bosselated
  4. Cribriform
  5. Discohesive
  6. Eburnated
  7. Epitheloid
  8. Fascicular
  9. Friable
  10. Glandular
  11. Herringbone
  12. Hobnailed
  13. Indian file
  14. Micropapillary
  15. Pagetoid spread
  16. Palisading
  17. Papillary
  18. Papyraceous
  19. Pedunculated
  20. Polarized
  21. Reticular
  22. Rosettes
  23. Sessile
  24. Spindled
  25. Storiform
  26. Syncytial
  27. Trabecular
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20
Q

Alveolar

A
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21
Q

Biphasic

A
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22
Q

Bosselated

A
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23
Q

Cribriform

A
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24
Q

Discohesive

25
Eburnated
26
Epithelioid
27
Fascicular
28
Friable
29
Glandular
30
Herringbone
31
Hobnailed
32
Indian File
33
Micropapillary
34
Pagetoid Spread
35
Palisading
36
Papillary
37
Papyraceous
38
Pedunculated
39
Polarized
40
Reticular
41
Rosettes
42
Sessile
43
Spindled
44
Storiform
45
Syncytial
46
Trabecular
47
Cellular Shape, Size, and Cytoplasm
1. Amphophilic 2. Foamy macrophages 3. Granular 4. Keratinized 5. Mucous 6. Oncocytic 7. Plasmacytoid 8. Signet ring
48
Amphophilic
49
Foamy Macrophages
50
Granular
51
Keratinized
52
Mucous
53
Oncocytic
54
Plasmacytoid
55
Signet Ring
56
Nuclear Features
1. Clock face chromatin 2. Molding 3. Neuroendocrine
57
Clock Face Chromatin
58
Molding
59
Neuroendocrine

Foundations of Disease (46 decks)

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