Exam 1 Flashcards
What is the Supraspinous Ligament?
It is a ligament Continous with the Nuchal Ligament
what does the anterior longitudinal ligament limit?
Limits extension, all other limit flexion
What is associated with Spina Bifida?
failure of the vertebral laminae to fuse to form the spinous process is assosciated with the spina bifida
Are the Tranversospinalis muscles contralateral contractors or ipsilateral?
The transversospinalis muscles are all contralateral movers
Splenius Muscles are ipsilateral
What is the Spina Bifida Classified as ?
A Neural tube defect
The incidence of spina bifida and other neural tube defects is reduced with maternal prenatal intake of folic acid
What is Spina Bifida Occulta?
a Asymptomatic disease in up to 24% of population
What are the 3 types of Spina Bifida Cystica?
Meningocele
Meningomyelocele
Myeloschisis
What is Spina Bifida Cystica?
neurological symptoms may be present, depending on how much neural tissue is involved
What is the Pars Interarticularis?
an area of the vertebra that is sometimes unstable or affected by trauma
What is Spondylolysis?
Spondylolysis-fracture through the pars interarticularis (scottie dog with collar
What is Spondylolisthesis?
fracture through pars interarticularis accompanied by anterior displacement of the vertebral body (scottie dog decapitated)
What is Spondylosis?
Intervertebral disc narrows-allowing vertebral bodies to approach one another—may result in bone spurs or degenerative changes leading to pain (e.g. pressure on the nerve root)
What is Spinal Stenosis?
narrowing of vertebral foramen (vertebral canal) due to calcifications or bone deposition– may impinge upon the spinal cord
more common with aging
What is the Lumbardization of S1?
S1/S2 more mobile; occurs in about 2-8% of the population
What is Sacralization of L5?
L5 fuses to S1; occurs in about 3-6% of the population; L5/S1 is less mobile than usual case
What is the origin, insertion, nerve supply, and action of the Trapezius?
Inserts at medial third of the superior nuchal line around the external occipital protuberence
Runs until the lateral third of the clavicle to the acromion of the spine of scapula
Spinal accesorry nerve / C3 and C4
Elevates, retracts and rotates the scapula
What is the origin, insertion, nerve supply, and action of the Platysma?
Origin is the border of the mandible , connects with skin and tissues around the lower face , very thin muscles often comes up with the skin
Inserts at the fascia covering the pectoralis major and deltoid
nerve is the facial nerve
It is a facial expression muscle
What is the origin, insertion, nerve supply, and action of the Sternocleidomastoid?
Lateral surface of mastoid process
Runs to the sternum/ clavicular head
Spinal accessory nerves / C2/C3
Unilateral: tilts head to same side and then rotates head contralaterally
bilaterally:
extends the neck at the atlanto-occipital joint
What are the Suprahyoid Muscles ?
Mylohyoid, geniohyoid, stylohyoid, digastric
What are the infrahyoid muscles?
Sternohyoid, omohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid
