Exam 1 Flashcards
Symbionts that harm or live at the expense of their host
parasitic organisms
Microbes frequently found on or within the bodies of healthy persons:
commensal organsims
Commensal organisms may also be referred to as:
normal microbiota
What makes up the vast majority of normal flora?
bacteria
Colonization of ___ occurs rapidly after birth
bacteria
Locations in which large amounts of bacteria reside:
- skin (esp. moist areas)
- respiratory tract (nose and oropharynx)
- digestive tract (mouth & large intestine)
- urinary tract (anterior parts of urethra)
- genital system (vagina)
locations in which small amounts of bacteria reside:
remainder of respiratory and digestive tracts
Locations in the body in which NO bacteria are present (sterile):
blood, CSF, synovial fluid, and deep tissue
Normal flora found all over:
resident organisms
Resides in an area for a limited time:
transient organisms
Growth or multiplication of parasite on or within host:
infection
Disease resulting from infection:
infectious disease
Any parasitic organisms that cause infectious disease:
Parasite
Causes disease by DIRECT interaction with host:
primary (frank) pathogen
Causes disease only under certain circumstances (such as after antibiotic tx)
opportunistic pathogen
ability of a parasite to cause disease:
pathogenicity
any component of a pathogenic micro that is required fro or that potentiates its ability to cause disease:
virulence factor
Pathogenicity and virulence depend on:
the host
What are the steps in an infectious disease:
- encounter
- entry
- spread
- multiplication
- damage
- outcome
What are three types of encounters with a pathogen?
- exogenous
- endogenous
- congenital
When a pathogen is externally derives (such as a sneeze)
exogenous encounter
When a pathogen is internally derived (such as a change in immunity/health; already inside)
endogenous enconter
When a pathogen is picked up during birth (such as HIV from mother to fetus)
congenital encounter
What are two forms of entry of a pathogen?
- ingress
- penetration