Evolution of Seed plants Flashcards
What do seed ferns resembled and how are they different from ferns?
Resemble ferns
produced by using SEEDS instead of SPORES
What are the THREE classes of GYMNOSPERMS?
- Cycads —> palm like plant
- Ginkgoes —> only one species left and found during time of dinosaurs
- Conifers —> commonly called evergreens and is the most abundant gymnosperm
What do gymnosperms all have?
SCALES
What are scales?
specialized male and female reproductive structures
How are scales grouped?
grouped into CONES
What do male cones produce?
produce male gametophytes called POLLEN GRAINS
What do female cones produce?
produce female gametophytes called MEGA GAMETOPHYTE or OVULES
What is the seed protected by?
SEED COAT
why are the seeds called NAKED SEEDS?
because they sit “naked” on the scales
Conifers (cone bearers) are commonly called
Evergreens
6 examples of conifers
pine spruce fir cedar sequoia yew
what are the leaves of conifers called and what do they look like?
NEEDLES
long and thin
When do needles fall out? (conifers)
lose older needles all year round
What do male cones/pollen cones produce? (conifers)
pollen grains
What do female cones/seed cones produce? (conifers)
ovules
How do conifer plants reproduce?
some produce both male and female cones on the SAME plant and other have SEPARATE male and female plants
How is pollen carried
by wind, some caught by sticky secretion produced by the scale
Angiosperms (flowering plants)
commonly called flowering plants
how do angiosperms reproduce?
sexually through a process that involves pollination
how are seeds of angiosperms contained?
within protective wall that develops into a structure called a fruit
angiosperms have the most widespread of…
land plants
what are the 2 orders of angiosperms
- monocotyledonae (monocots)
2. Dicotyledene (dicots)
What are 5 examples of monocots?
corn wheat lilies palms grasses
What are 7 examples of dicots?
roses clover oaks tomatoes oaks maples daisies
