Ethics

Question 1

What are the different concepts of value?

Answer 1

1. value as having worth - gold, diamonds, etc. 2. value as holding in high regard - value someones perspective 3. value as. aknown quality - algebra

Question 2

What are the recurring ethics questions, and what do they seek?

Answer 2

1. figuring out what is worthwhile or valuable “the good” 2. figuring out how to distribute “the good” fairly 3. figuring out what the good life entails. seek answers to what we ought to do and how we ought to live together.

Question 3

What is ethics not?

Answer 3

1) feelings - problem of divided guts, need a more consistent standard 2) religion - lack a shared pov or interpretation in groups 3) law - sets regulations for whats punishable, set a minimum ethical standard, not what one ought to do. societys laws can be corrupt and require objectionable actions. legality does not equal ethics (just bc its was or is legal doesnt mean its right) 4) norms and customs - societal standards for acceptable conduct, internalized list of dos and donts. 5) science - tells us how to do smthn, not if we should

Question 4

What are the 4 major categories of shared values?

Answer 4

1. commitment to smthn greater than oneself. 2. self-respect with humility and personal responsibility 3. respect and caring for other ppl 4. caring for other living things and the enviro

Question 5

What is meta-ethics?

Answer 5

the ethics of ethics, if there are moral facts. so superiority of one ethical code over another.

Question 6

What is normative ethics?

Answer 6

determining how we ought to act

Question 7

What is applied ethics?

Answer 7

what morality requires of us in specific situations, ie solving specific dilemmas.

Question 8

What is research ethics?

Answer 8

guidelines for the responsible conduct of research and mgmt of data.

Question 9

What two things need to precede ethics?

Answer 9

empirical data or facts, and metaphysical understanding, so unpacking concepts. we need the knowledge if an area in order to speak prescriptively about how someone should behave.

Question 10

What is the difference btwn problems and dilemmas?

Answer 10

problems: difficult situations, questions involving doubt and uncertainty. can be answered. dilemmas: commitment to two or more incompatible goals or values, conflict of values occurs, can be managed but not often solved.

Question 11

What are ethical dilemmas?

Answer 11

cases where there is not a ‘good’ answer. tragedies. we seek the best available reasons applied impartially, so the most defensible position and identifying the least bad decision.

Question 12

What are the characteristics of ethical decisions?

Answer 12

1. universal (impartial) 2. motivating (possible) 3. fair

Question 13

What is a moral theory?

Answer 13

try to provide a method of answering the question what makes right acts right? recognize that thinking when in rome, do as the romans do, is not a satisfactory ethical standard.

Question 14

What are the 6 great traditions in ethics?

Answer 14

1. the rights lens - focusing on our intentions 2. the justice lens - focusing on fairness and equity 3. the utilitarian lens - focusing on consequences 4. the common good lens - focusing on promoting community 5. the virtue lens - focusing on acting consistently with ideals 6. the care lens - focusing on centering relationships.

Question 15

How should we do ethical decision making?

Answer 15

engage in reflective equilibrium ot come to a considered judgment, and ask yourself which option; best serves the whole community, treats ppl equally or proportionally, leads me to act as the sort of person i want to be, produces the most good and does the least harm, best respects the rights of all who have a stake.