Analytical Philosophy

Question 1

What is the difference btwn philosophy as an academic discipline and personal philosophy?

Answer 1

philosophy involves seeking, articulating, and evaluating rational justifications for our beliefs about the world. whereas a personal philosophy is for mottos or rules that we live by.

Question 2

What are personal and professional philosophies?

Answer 2

personal is the type of person you are or aspire to be. so reflects your personality, attitudes, and values. professional is the type of worker you are or aspire to be in your career, guided by your personal and professional values. so can be constrained by the organization you’re working with or for.

Question 3

What are personal philosophies influenced by?

Answer 3

life experiences, social relationships, culture and religion, enviro, education, mentors, openness to and ability for critical reflection.

Question 4

What is eudaimonia?

Answer 4

a happy, healthy and prosperous life. so aging successfully. excellence through a lifetime. this goal can be achieved by practicing good actions.

Question 5

What is conceptual clarification and why is it NB?

Answer 5

clarifying a concept, so looking at nuanced differences. defining that goes beyond the dictionary. clarification of the central concepts involved in an issue. when we focus on uncovering the essence of something we often find ourselves needing to clarify the boundaries and parameters of that smthn. involves 5 types of definitions.

Question 6

What are the 5 types of definitions?

Answer 6

1. ostensive - non-verbal; ID through senses. 2. lexical - reportive; in dictionary, short and to point, starting point for philosophers. 3. stipulative - specifying use in context; explain ourselves. 4. persuasive - emotionally-charged language. 5. operational - set out parameters; measurement or variables about a topic

Question 7

what is a focus of contemporary philosophy?

Answer 7

1. drawing conceptual distinctions 2. how we use language to represent ideas.

Question 8

What are the goals of analytical philosophy?

Answer 8

conceptual and linguistic clarity, avoiding categorizing mistakes, avoiding purely verbal disputes.

Question 9

What is essentialism?

Answer 9

view in analytical phil that objects have properties that are essential to them and can be defined by necessary and sufficient conditions. these conditions capture all examples of x and only examples of x.

Question 10

What is humpty-dumptyism?

Answer 10

non-essentialist approach, where the person using the word decides what its meaning is.

Question 11

Why are precise definitions NB?

Answer 11

too broad; includes instances beyond what we want to include. too narrow; excludes instances that we do want to include.

Question 12

Why is defining things so emphasized?

Answer 12

1. ti ensure that what you are trying to discuss is what you are actually discussing. 2. deciding if an activity fulfills criteria to allocate funding or a place in an event. 3. establishing parameters for what to include/reject in curriculum and programming.

Question 13

According to Suits which of the following is not a necessary and sufficient condition that all games possess; a. goal b. skill c. choices (means) d. rules e. lusory attitude

Answer 13

b. skills

Question 14

explain goal as a condition of games.

Answer 14

goal described in three ways; to win, to take part in an activity, to fulfill the requirements of the game (to participate honoraby).

Question 15

Explain choice (the means) as a condition of games.

Answer 15

all games have allowable and prohibited ways of achieving the goal. lusory means= legal and legitimate options to seeking goal

Question 16

explain rules as a condition of games.

Answer 16

stipulated/specified by gamewrights rules prevent simply or overly efficient ways of achieving the goal. types of tules; 1. constitutive - from the rulebook 2. regulative - compensatory when constitutive rules are broken 3. auxiliary - additional rules beyond the competition