Estrogens

Question 1

if pregnancy does not occur

Answer 1

corpus luteum degenerates
production estrogen and progesterone by corpus luteum declines
menstruation

Question 2

if pregnancy occurs

Answer 2

fertilized egg/embryo secretes human chroionic gonadotropin (hCG)
hCG acts like LH to stimulate corpus luteum to produce progesterone in first trimester

Question 3

physiological effects estrogens

Answer 3

development female parts, epiphyseal closure, growth hair, female body contours, pigmentation of skin, endometrial bleeding, decrease in rate of resorption, increase HDL decrease LDL, coagulability blood, mood

Question 4

clinical uses estrogen

Answer 4

hormone replacement therapy
osteoporosis
hormonal contraception
replacement therapy hypogonadism

Question 5

SAR: what at 3 position is essential for activity

Answer 5

hydroxyl

Question 6

SAR: 3 hydroxyl can be masked as what?

Answer 6

ether derivative, ether hydrolyzed readily in vivo

Question 7

SAR: is aromaticity in alpha ring required?

Answer 7

YES

Question 8

SAR: is saturation in beta ring required?

Answer 8

no, its tolerated

Question 9

SAR: 16 OH ____ activity

Answer 9

decreases

Question 10

SAR: _____ ethynyl substituent blocks metabolism and allows for oral activity

Answer 10

17 alpha

Question 11

SAR: 17 beta OH

Answer 11

required for activity, can be blocked by ester for drug delivery

Question 12

17 alpha alkylated estrogens

Answer 12

prevent conversion to estrone, enhance oral bioavailability and increase halflife

Question 13

3 alkylated ether

Answer 13

quickly dealkylated in vivo (prodrug)

Question 14

estrogenic esters

Answer 14

decrease solubility and slow absorption time
prolongs action for injections

Question 15

what kind of estrogen is this?

Answer 15

conjugated estrogens
collected from pregnant mares urine
sulfate group

Question 16

non steroidal estrogens

Answer 16

diethyl stilbestrol, chlorotrianisene

Question 17

diethyl stilbestrol (Des) class and use

Answer 17

non steroidal estrogen
1940-1970 to prevent miscarriage
advanced prostate cancer
increased risk vaginal adenocarcinoma if exposed in utero (baby)

Question 18

chlorotrianisene (Tace) class and use

Answer 18

non steroidal estrogen
postpartum breast engorgement
menopause symptoms
prostate cancer

Question 19

MOA of SERMS

Answer 19

helix 12 is SERM bound blocking coactivator binding

Question 20

tamoxifen (class and use)

Answer 20

partial estrogen agonist
antiestrogen activity: breast cancer treatment/prevention
estrogenic actions: weak agonist at endometrial cells, increase coagulation, prevent osteoporosis

Question 21

Answer 21

tamoxifen

Question 22

-fene

Answer 22

SERM

Question 23

Answer 23

toremifene

Question 24

Answer 24

ospemifene

Question 25

toremifene (type and use)

Answer 25

SERM
advanced breast cancer

Question 26

ospemifine (use and type)

Answer 26

SERM
dyspareunia in post menopausal women

Question 27

raloxifene (type and use)

Answer 27

SERM: partial estrogen agonist
prevent osteoporosis postmeno
decrese LDL
increase risk blood clot
decrease risk breast cancer
hot flashes

Question 28

Answer 28

raloxifene

Question 29

clomiphene

Answer 29

SERM: partial estrogen agonist
moa: increase FSH and LH by inhibiting negative estradiol feedback
stimulate ovulation
polycystic ovary syndrome

Question 30

fulvestrant

Answer 30

SERD (antagonist)
treatment of breast cancer
more effective than SERM for tamoxifen resistane

Question 30

fulvestrant

Answer 30

SERD (antagonist)
treatment of breast cancer
more effective than SERM for tamoxifen resistant