EQ2- H,HR&I

Question 1

ECHR (European Convention on Human Rights)

Answer 1

• drafted by nations of Council Europe to prevent conflict EU+ sort out atrocities world wars
• est European Court of Human Rights uphold ECHR + bring ppl/org abusing HR trial+ justice
• UK integrated by Human Rights Act 1988 making easier citizens HR upheld UK rather take govt court European Court of Human Rights
• controversial as impacts sovereignty- higher legal power judgements than nat courts (handing over authority)

Question 2

CHINA- development

Answer 2

• rapid econ development since ‘open door’ policy 1979
• rivalling US as largest econ world
• better schooling+ (limited) access Soc media

Question 3

CHINA- HR

Answer 3

• low regard HR widely criticised senior leaders rejected universality ‘HR’ regarded W ideas+ threat power
• re-educate thru labour common critics govt+ follow banned beliefs
• 100s websites blocked/ banned suppression media freedom
• unfair trials- judiciary system falls way short int standards
• torture+ ill treatment detainees especially HR activist +pol/ religious beliefs
• workers poor rights TU= illegal, not allowed protest low wages, poor conditions, mass lay-offs /corrupt management
• death penalty 3/4 worlds executions a yr, 46 offences eligible

Question 4

CHINA- democracy+ pol freedom

Answer 4

• highly authoritarian 1 party state, communist country

- backlash against pro- democracy

Question 5

INDIA- HR+ pol freedom

Answer 5

-constitution 444 art include freedom speech+ religion
-Govt committed improving HR and econ grows
ISSUES:
-incidents violence against religious minorities especially Muslims
-caste-based discriminations neglect tribal communities
-sexual abuse+ other violence against women children
-security forces continue enjoy impunity from serious HR violations

Question 6

INDIA- development

Answer 6

• Not as strong as China
• econ stalling
• democracy+ broad respect HR hampering?

Question 7

INDIA- democracy

Answer 7

• largest democracy world
• ceremonial pres (head) ->real power Lok Sabha (lower house parliament decide who PM)
• vigorous media+ independent judiciary
• new govt 2015 commitment freedom speech but not ended state censorship

Question 8

How does corruption impact HR:

Answer 8

• clear correlation CPI (transparency international Corruption Perception Index)+ Democracy Index
• shown high lvls corruption ME w/low democracy whereas Canada low lvls corruption + high lvls democracy
• corruption-> low HR ppl need money most not getting it+ dangerous for workers revaluations safety

Question 9

Corruption impact HR- Estonia

Answer 9

• ranked 17/180 (2020)+score 75/100 [CPI]
• low lvls corruption only 18% thought corruption increased past 12 months+ 2% public service users paid bribe past 2 months

Question 10

Corruption impact HR- Myanmar

Answer 10

• 137/180 + score 28/100
• high corruption 50% think govt corruption= big problem +20% public service users paid bribe prev 12 months
• 3% offered bribe for vote