ENT Flashcards
Risk factors for otitis externa include
Water exposure, trauma, foreign bodies, dermatologic conditions
Microbes typically responsible for otitis externa
Pseudomonas, s. Aureus,
Is the tympanic membrane affected in otitis externa?
No, just the canal
Treatment for otitis externa
Topical antibiotic (e.g. fluoroquinolone), +/- topical glucocorticoid
Swimmers ear is also known as
Acute otitis externa
Topical therapy for acute otitis externa
Ciprofloxacin +/- glucocorticoid drops
Fungal otitis (otomycosis) occurs most commonly after
Treatment for AOE
Treatment for otomycosis (fungal otitis)
Debridement and topical antifungals (like clotrimazole)
Bisphosphonate related osteonecrosis of the jaw is caused by
Impaired remodeling of the bone
Bisphosphonate related osteonecrosis of the jaw typically presents
As an area of exposed, necrotic bone following tooth extraction or other dental procedure
Treatment for osteonecrosis of the jaw
Largely supportive, carful oral hygiene and antibacterial rinses
Aphthous ulcers and herpetic stomatitis present with
Painful superficial oral ulcers that heal spontaneously in 7-10 days
A common cause for social withdrawal in the elderly is
Presbycusis
What type of hearing loss is presbycusis
Bilateral, progressive, sensorineural hearing loss
Presbycusis mechanism of hearing loss is
Cochlear hair cell loss and cochlear neuron degeneration
Which structure is damaged in presbycusis
The cochlea
Which sound frequency is lost first in presbycusis?
High frequencies
Otosclerosis is caused by
Abnormal bone deposition leading to stiffening of the ossicular chain
Rhinitis without other signs of allergy is called
Non allergic rhinitis aka vasomotor rhinitis
First line treatment for allergic rhinitis and non allergic rhinitis is
Intranasal glucocorticoids
How is non allergic rhinitis diagnosed
Clinically
Untreated acute bacterial rhinosinusitis can lead to
Orbital cellulitis, meningitis, or brain abscess due to intracranial extension
Symptoms of a brain abscess include
Focal headache, early morning vomiting, altered mental status, focal neurologic changes
On CT a brain abscess can look like
Ring enhancing lesion
