Energy Flow and Photosynthesis

Question 1

Autotrophs

Answer 1

use the sun as an energy source to PRODUCE their own food (make sugars / carbohydrates)
-includes plants, algae, and some bacteria

Question 2

Heterotrophs

Answer 2

can’t produce their own food so CONSUME other things
-includes animals, fungus, many bacteria & unicellular organisms

*SUN IS THE SOURCE OF ENERGY FOR ALL LIVING THINGS

Question 3

Energy Release

Answer 3

-released by breaking off the end of phosphate groups (ATP - P = ADP)

-molecule can also be re-charged (phosphorylated) with the addition of energy (ADP + P = ATP)

Question 4

ATP

Answer 4

Adenosine TRIphosphate
-adenine (base)
-ribose (5-carbon sugar)
-phosphates (3)

*used as energy source

Question 5

ADP

Answer 5

Adenosine DIphosphate
-adenine (base)
-ribose (5-C sugar)
-phosphates (2)

Question 6

Pigment

Answer 6

molecule that absorbs specific wavelengths of light (energy) and reflects others; what gives objects their color

ex: Chlorophyll absorbs violet, blue, red, etc. but reflects green

Question 7

Chloroplast

Answer 7

organelle in plants where photosynthesis occurs

Question 8

Grana/Granum

Answer 8

stacks of disk-shaped structures inside chloroplast

Question 9

Stroma

Answer 9

fluid that surrounds grana inside chloroplast

Question 10

Thylakoid

Answer 10

an individual disk of grana, contains chlorophyll

Question 11

*Photosynthesis Equation

Answer 11

6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 12

two stages of photosynthesis

Answer 12

1st: Light Dependant Reaction

2nd: Light INdependent Reaction (Calvin Cycle)

Question 13

*Light Dependant Reaction (photosynthesis)

Answer 13

water used to make Oxygen and Energy (ATP & NADPH)

-in: Sunlight, H2O, NADP+, ADP
-out: NADPH, ATP, O2

Question 14

*Light INdependent Reaction (Calvin Cycle)

Answer 14

CO2 and light energy used to make sugar (glucose)

-in: CO2, ATP, NADPH
-out: C6H12O6 (sugar), ADP, NADP+

Question 15

Where does the Light Dependant Reaction take place?

Answer 15

the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts

Question 16

Where does the Light Independent Reaction take place?

Answer 16

the stroma of chloroplasts

Question 17

Only when what is present can Light INdependent reaction take place?

Answer 17

it only happens when ATP and NADPH are available from the products of the Light Reactions

Question 18

Photosynthesis Process

Answer 18

ability to convert light energy into chemical energy

Question 19

Where does Photosynthesis take place?

Answer 19

chloroplasts of plants and few microorganisms

Question 20

What does photosynthesis produce?

Answer 20

glucose (simple sugar) & Oxygen

Question 21

Light is required for the light dependent reactions because…

Answer 21

it splits the water molecule

Question 22

The pigment molecules responsible for photosynthesis are located in the…

Answer 22

thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast
(where photosynthesis takes place)