Energy Flow and Photosynthesis Flashcards
Autotrophs
use the sun as an energy source to PRODUCE their own food (make sugars / carbohydrates)
-includes plants, algae, and some bacteria
Heterotrophs
can’t produce their own food so CONSUME other things
-includes animals, fungus, many bacteria & unicellular organisms
*SUN IS THE SOURCE OF ENERGY FOR ALL LIVING THINGS
Energy Release
-released by breaking off the end of phosphate groups (ATP - P = ADP)
-molecule can also be re-charged (phosphorylated) with the addition of energy (ADP + P = ATP)
ATP
Adenosine TRIphosphate
-adenine (base)
-ribose (5-carbon sugar)
-phosphates (3)
*used as energy source
ADP
Adenosine DIphosphate
-adenine (base)
-ribose (5-C sugar)
-phosphates (2)
Pigment
molecule that absorbs specific wavelengths of light (energy) and reflects others; what gives objects their color
ex: Chlorophyll absorbs violet, blue, red, etc. but reflects green
Chloroplast
organelle in plants where photosynthesis occurs
Grana/Granum
stacks of disk-shaped structures inside chloroplast
Stroma
fluid that surrounds grana inside chloroplast
Thylakoid
an individual disk of grana, contains chlorophyll
*Photosynthesis Equation
6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2
two stages of photosynthesis
1st: Light Dependant Reaction
2nd: Light INdependent Reaction (Calvin Cycle)
*Light Dependant Reaction (photosynthesis)
water used to make Oxygen and Energy (ATP & NADPH)
-in: Sunlight, H2O, NADP+, ADP
-out: NADPH, ATP, O2
*Light INdependent Reaction (Calvin Cycle)
CO2 and light energy used to make sugar (glucose)
-in: CO2, ATP, NADPH
-out: C6H12O6 (sugar), ADP, NADP+
Where does the Light Dependant Reaction take place?
the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts
Where does the Light Independent Reaction take place?
the stroma of chloroplasts
Only when what is present can Light INdependent reaction take place?
it only happens when ATP and NADPH are available from the products of the Light Reactions
Photosynthesis Process
ability to convert light energy into chemical energy
Where does Photosynthesis take place?
chloroplasts of plants and few microorganisms
What does photosynthesis produce?
glucose (simple sugar) & Oxygen
Light is required for the light dependent reactions because…
it splits the water molecule
The pigment molecules responsible for photosynthesis are located in the…
thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast
(where photosynthesis takes place)
