Chapter 9 Vocab (Photosynthesis)

Question 1

photosynthesis

Answer 1

process used by plants to capture light energy and use it to power chemical reactions

Question 2

autotroph

Answer 2

organisms that make their own food from inorganic compounds using photosynthesis (also called producer)
ex: plants, algae, and some bacteria

Question 3

heterotroph

Answer 3

organism that obtains energy by consuming other organisms (also called consumers)
ex: animals, fungus, many bacteria, and unicellular organisms like amoeba

Question 4

ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

Answer 4

used by cells to store and release energy

Question 5

pigment

Answer 5

light-absorbing molecule used by plants to gather the sun’s energy

Question 6

chlorophyll

Answer 6

principal pigment of plants and other photosynthetic organisms

Question 7

thylakoid

Answer 7

sac-like photosynthetic membranes in chloroplasts

Question 8

grana (granum)

Answer 8

stacks of thylakoids found in chloroplasts

Question 9

stroma

Answer 9

the fluid that surrounds the grana and thylakoids, and fills the chloroplast

Question 10

NADP

Answer 10

carries electrons and hydrogen atoms

Question 11

light-dependent reaction

Answer 11

reactions in photosynthesis that use light energy to produce ATP and NADPH

Question 12

light-independent reaction (Calvin Cycle)

Answer 12

reactions in stroma during photosynthesis that don’t require light; energy from ATP and NADPH is used to power chemical reactions that make high energy compounds like sugar