energy and electrical physics Flashcards
vaporization is
liquid to gas
cation is
positively charged atom,(like Na+)
what is an electrolyte
substance dissolved in water, split into ions
unit of electrical resistance is
ohm
unit of electrical power is
watt
unit for intensity is
amp
unit for frequency is
hertz
what is the function of a transformer?
change voltage of alternating current to a different voltage?(check accuracy)
anode is…
positively charged electrode
anion is …
negatively charged atom
cathode is …
negatively charged electrode
rubber is an…
insulator
direct current is…
galvanic current
potential energy is …
stored energy
Kinetic energy is…
energy of movement
conduction is…
movement of thermal energy due to contact b/w atoms
convection is..
movement of thermal energy b/c of movement of fluids
radiation is…
movement of thermal energy via waves of electromagnetic radiation
direct current
flow of e- in one direction only
example of DC
iontophoresis
alternating current
oscillating flow of e- in one direction than the other
example of alternating current
high frequency
what is a conductor
material that e- flow through easily
examples of conductors
water that contains ions, copper, gold, silver, aluminum, carbon
what are insulators
materials that e- dont flow easily.
examples of insulators
rubber, plastic, glass, wood, cloth
7 heat effects
- increase chemical reaction rates
- increase metabolic rate
- increased cellular waste products
- dilated blood vessels
- tendons become more elastic
- decreased muscle spasms
- decreased joint stiffness
6 cooling effects
- decreses muscle spasm
- reduced pain perception
- decreases swelling
- slows metabolism
- surface vasoconstriction
- reduces bleeding
7 mechanical effects
increased lymph flow decreased muscle fatigue decreased muscle adhesions stimulates muscle stretch reflex sedates nervous system stimulates reflexes reduced pain perception
effects at the anode(+)
aka iontophoresis. vasoconstriction constricting of the skin and pores slight acidification superficial nerves are sedated increased skin absorption of positively charged products
effects at cathode(-)
aka. desincrustation vasoconstriction softening of the skin and pores alkalinization increased nerve sensitivity sensory pain reduction increased absorption of negatively charged products
capacitor
helps stabilize power supply; stores very small amount of electricity, temporarily
rectifier
converts ac to dc
converter
changes voltage of incoming current
resistor
controls the current flow, due to RESISTANCE
rheostat
type of resistor that can vary its resistance, w/o interruption
transformer
transfers current b/w two circuits
ammeter
measures the intensity of a current in a circuit.
voltmeter
measures the potential difference b/w two points in a circuit.
pressure is measured in
voltages
intensity is measured in
amps
frequenc is measured in
hertz
power is measured in
watts
resistance is measured in
ohms
ohms law states..
current is proportional to voltage and inversely proportional to resistance
intensity =
I=v/r
