digestive system Flashcards
gastric juice is composed of…
mucus, HCL and enzymes
the secretory duct of the pancreas discharges into…
duodenum
carbs are stored in liver and muscles as….
glycogen
what is the function of vili
to increase surface area of the organ and absorb nutrients
water is MAINLY absorbed in
Large intestines
which enzyme attacks starch?
amylase(ptyalin)
amylase breaks down…
starches
peptidase breaks down..
protein
pepsin breaks down…
protein
lipase breaks down…
lipids(fats)
tripsin breaks down ..
protein
chymotrypsin breaks down.
protein
sucrase breaks down
sucrose
maltase breaks down
maltose
lactase breaks down
lactose
ingestion is
the taking in of food by mouth, pharynx and esophagus
ingestion involves
mastication and deglutition
digestion is..
food being broken down into smaller components; mechanically and chemically performed by mouth, stomach and small intestine
absorption is…
passing of digestive end products into the blood stream from GIT
elimination
ridding of feces
function of the oral cavity
To mechanically and chemically break down food in the mouth, turns food into bolus, tongue helps propel it to the pharynx for deglutition, epiglottis prevents bolus from entering respiratory tract and oropharnx is part used for swallowing.
function of pharynx
facilitate swallowing(deglutition) by oropharynx
function of esophagus
moves bolus from pharynx to stomach, uses peristalsis, ‘gastro-intestinal sphincter’ prevents it from coming back up
function of stomach
mechanical& chemical digestion, secretes gastric juice, , ‘pyloric sphincter’ keeps contents in stomach til thoroughly mixed with gastric juice
what are the layers of stomach
-mucosa(innermost) secretes gastric juice
sub-mucosa- supports mucosa gland
muscular- thickest layer, not evenly lined up to alloow vigorous peristalsis
serosa- part of abdominal peritoneum
function of small intestine
responsible for chemical digestion and absorption
large intestine
absorbswater, vitamins, minerals and eliminates waste
caecum
entrance to LI
appendix
dead end tube on LI
rectum
excretes feces
salivaryglands
functions to produe saliva
fucntion of saliva
prevent dessication, flushes mouth and promotes taste
pancreas
produces enzymes and other substances for a variety of processes, including digestion.
- both exocrine and endocrine glands
- pancreatic enzymes drain into pancreatic duct and enter duodenum
liver
detoxes blood of metabolic and cellular waste by-products
- process certain substances for elimination(alcohol and medicine)
- store glycogen
- produce some blood clotting factors
- store fat-soluble vitamins and iron
carbs break down into
monosaccharides(glucose)
fats break downinto
FA(3) and glycerol(1)
protein breaks down into
amino acids
