Energy Flashcards
definition of energy
Energy is vital for life we get energy from the food we eat and then use it all the time in the body for different jobs
what are some uses or functions of energy
to allow the body to grow and develop
to move muscles and be physically active
to produce heat to keep the body warm
produce sound when talking singing and shouting
send a Messages from the brain to make the nerves work
make chemical reactions to take place in a cell
the digestive system
the brain etc
name some main sources of energy
carbohydrates
 fat
 protein
alcohol
definition of carbohydrates for energy
carbohydrates is the main source of energy for the body
some of the glucose is stored as glycogen in the liver and muscles and is used as a quick source of energy
when the foods containing carbohydrates are eaten
the body breaks them down and uses the glucose they contain for energy
The energy access from the carbohydrate that is eaten and not use is converted into fat and stored in the body
this happens very easily with sugars and particularly sugar in fizzy drinks
definition of fats for energy
fats and oils have the same energy values
fat is converted into glucose and use for energy
this is a relatively slow process so it is only used at the diet does not have enough carbohydrates
fat that is used for energy is stored in the special cells in the tissue under the skin or elsewhere in the body
definition of protein for energy
The body will only use protein if there is not enough carbohydrates or fat in the diet all the body stores off all the energy that has been used up
definition of alcohol in energy
drinking alcohol regularly can significantly contribute to energy intake and if the energy it provides is not used up it will be converted into fat stored in the body
main sources of energy in carbohydrates
sugars and starch
cereals
cereal products
honey and syrups
sugar used in cooking
main sources of energy in fat
Foods thats contain visible fats and oils
and invisible fats abd oils
Main sources of protein for energy
meat, poultry ,fish ,dairy foods
cereals , nuts
main sources of alcohol for energy
beers wines spirits
what is energy dense
Energy dense is foods that contain a high proportion of fats and carbohydrates
what are some examples of Energy dense foods
chocolate bars pastries cakes biscuits sausages pies pizzas
what are some affects of deficiency of energy in the diet
The body loses weight
why does the body lose weight when it is deficient of energy
if there is not enough energy in the diet to meet the needs of the body the energy stored in the body fat will be used up this will gradually reduce the fat stores
what are the effects of an excess of energy in the diet
Energy from food that is not used up by the body each day will be stored in the body fat cells in case it is needed in the future
Energy is needed every day for different life stages what are those different stages?
Our basal metabolic rate
our physical activity level
our life stage - children, breastfeeding, pregnancy
what is basal metabolic rate
is the amount of energy needed by the body to stay alive and keep working
what are some examples of basal metabolic rate
The heart beating
the lungs breathing
the brain working
chemical reactions happening
what does the basil metabolic rate depend on
their lifestyle and age
their age
their body size
their gender
the physical activity levels
why is physical activity important
it’s important as it’s part of a healthy lifestyle
it reduces the risk of developing a number of diseases such as hard to see obesity and some cancers
it improves health and the skeleton and muscles
keeps the brain alert and working well
makes people feel good about themselves
what is the recommendation for under five year olds for physical activities
3 hours of physical activity spread throughout the day
what is the recommendation for 5 to 18–year-olds for physical activities
60 minsat a time for several hours a day
19 to 64-year-olds recommendation of physical activities
30 minutes of physical activities at least five days a week for a minimum of 10 minutes each time
what is energy balance
The amount of energy we take in from food we eat every day that must be used by the basal metabolic rate and physical activity level
what happens if we take in more energy from food we use every day
gain weight
what happens if we take less energy from food that we eat every day
lose weight
