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Pharmacology II > Endocrine: Uterine, Thyroid, Osteoporosis Classes & Mechanisms > Flashcards

Endocrine: Uterine, Thyroid, Osteoporosis Classes & Mechanisms Flashcards

1
Q

What 3 drug classes are uterine stimulants

A

Oxytocin, Ergots, Prostaglandins

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2
Q

What drugs class?

Dinoprostone, Carboprost Tromethamine, Misoprostol

A

prostaglandins

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3
Q

What drug is an Ergot Alkaloid?

A

Ergonovine Maleate

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4
Q

Which drug is a non-uterotonic drug?

A

tranexamic acid

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5
Q

What drugs class?

Magnesium
Nifedipine (Procardia)
Indomethacin (Indocin)
Progesterone

A

tocolytic agents (uterine relaxation)

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6
Q

Which drug has the following mechanism?

Cyclic Octapeptide Stored in Posterior Pituitary - Released w. Suckling & Cervical Pressure

A

Oxytocin

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7
Q

Which drug has the following mechanism?

Uterine contraction via activation of serotonin and alpha receptors.

A

Ergot Alkaloids:

Ergonovine Maleate

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8
Q

Ergonovine Maleate causes what type of contraction?

A

“always on” after labor/placenta delivery

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9
Q

Which drug has the following mechanism?

anti-fibrinolytic → complete inhibition of plasminogen activation

A

Tranexamic Acid

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10
Q

Which drug has the following mechanism?

Unknown mechanism - likely direct relaxation of uterus. Not FDA Approved for Pre-Term Labor

A

Magnesium Sulfate

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11
Q

Which drug has the following mechanism?

Inhibit Ca2+ flux via blocking L-type Calcium Channels → 🚫 Smooth Muscle Contraction. Not FDA Approved for Pre-Term Labor

A

Nifedipine

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12
Q

What is the mechanism of action for indomethacin?

A

Inhibit COX enzymes → 🚫 PG synthesis. Not FDA Approved for Pre-Term Labor

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13
Q

Which drug has the following mechanism?

Inhibits Oxytocin and PG effects on uterus. Not FDA Approved for Pre-Term Labor, recommended by American College of OB/Gyn

A

Progesterone

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14
Q

What three drugs are used in thyroid hormone replacement?

A

Levothyroxine
Liothyronine
Dessicated thyroid

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15
Q

What are 4 inhibitors of thyroid hormone synthesis?

A

PTU, methimazole, iodide, radioactive iodine

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16
Q

What are 2 beta blockers used in thyroid conditions?

A

propranolol, metoprolol

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17
Q

Which thyroid drug has the following mechanism of action?

Sodium salt of T4, may produce normal levels of both T3 and T4

A

Levothyroxine

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18
Q

The action of levothyroxine depends on…

A

peripheral deiodinase activity

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19
Q

Which thyroid drug is a sodium salt of T3?

A

Liothyronine

20
Q

Which thyroid drug is a mix of T4 and T3 from pics?

A

dessicated thyroid

21
Q

Patients with a deficiency in peripheral deiodinases may respond better to which drug?

A

Dessicated thyroid

22
Q

which thyroid drug has the following mechanism of action?

Inhibits T4 synthesis by blocking conversion of T4 to T3

A

PTU

23
Q

which thyroid drug has the following mechanism of action?

Strongly inhibits T4 synthesis (more than PTU)

A

methimazole

24
Q

Because the effects of PTU and methimazole are gradual, what can be co-administered?

A

beta blockers

25
Q

How long will circulating T3/T4 last before inhibition by PTU and methimazole takes full effect?

A

1 weeks

26
Q

which thyroid drug has the following mechanism of action?

Short-term, rapid decrease of synthesis and release of T4 and T3

A

iodide

27
Q

Large amounts of radioactive iodine has what effect?

What about small amounts?

A

small/uCi = diagnostic

large/mCi = destruction

28
Q

which thyroid drug has the following mechanism of action?

inhibits peripheral conversion of T4 to T3

nonspecific beta blocker

A

Propranolol

29
Q

Which osteoporosis drug is a rank-ligand inhibitor?

A

denosumab

30
Q

What four drugs are bisphosphonates?

A

“-dronates”:

alendronate
ibandronate
risedronate
zoledronic acid

31
Q

What three osteoporosis medications are PTH drugs?

A

teriparatide
abaloparatide
rhPTH

32
Q

What two substances should be the minimum tx for osteoporosis?

A

calcium and vit. D

33
Q

What are three hormone drugs used in osteoporosis?

A

estrogen, raloxifene, calcitonin

34
Q

Which osteoporosis drug has the following mechanism of action?

Major mechanism is probably the inhibition of PTH secretion.

May alter the physical-chemical properties of the bone mineral.

A

Calcium

35
Q

Which osteoporosis drug has the following mechanism of action?

binds to a nuclear receptor, hence works through gene regulation for its effects.

Increases GI calcium and phosphate absorption.

must be adequate for optimal absorption of calcium.

A

Vitamin D

36
Q

Which osteoporosis drug has the following mechanism of action?

inhibits bone resorption of calcium and phosphate by osteoclasts

Antagonizes the actions of parathyroid hormone.

A

Calcitonin

37
Q

Teriparatide is an intermittent recombinant form of which hormone?

A

PTH

38
Q

Abaloparatide is a short recombinant form of what?

A

PTHrp

39
Q

rhPTH is a full length recombinant of…

A

PTH

40
Q

Which PTHR1 conformation is pro-osteoblast?

A

RG

41
Q

Which PTHR1 conformation is pro-osteoclast?

A

R0

42
Q

Which PTH drugs have the following mechanism of action?

once daily admin to stimulate RG receptor → osteoblast activity

A

Teriparatide and Abaloparatide

43
Q

Which RG receptor stimulating drug has a 1600x affinity?

A

abaloparatide

44
Q

Which PTH drug has the following mechanism?

binds R0 receptor to increase RANKL production → increased osteoclast activity

A

rhPTH

45
Q

Which osteoporosis drug has the following mechanism of action?

Antibody to RANK-Ligand, the factor made by osteoblasts that is necessary for the formation of mature osteoclasts, leading to RANKL inhibition.

A

Denosumab

46
Q

Which osteoporosis drug has the following mechanism of action?

P-C-P bond analogs of pyrophosphate

Used as substitute for phosphate in calcium binding and is incorporated into bone

inhibits osteoclast activity

A

bisphosphonates (-dronates)

Pharmacology II (23 decks)

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