Endocrine: Uterine, Thyroid, Osteoporosis Classes & Mechanisms Flashcards
What 3 drug classes are uterine stimulants
Oxytocin, Ergots, Prostaglandins
What drugs class?
Dinoprostone, Carboprost Tromethamine, Misoprostol
prostaglandins
What drug is an Ergot Alkaloid?
Ergonovine Maleate
Which drug is a non-uterotonic drug?
tranexamic acid
What drugs class?
Magnesium
Nifedipine (Procardia)
Indomethacin (Indocin)
Progesterone
tocolytic agents (uterine relaxation)
Which drug has the following mechanism?
Cyclic Octapeptide Stored in Posterior Pituitary - Released w. Suckling & Cervical Pressure
Oxytocin
Which drug has the following mechanism?
Uterine contraction via activation of serotonin and alpha receptors.
Ergot Alkaloids:
Ergonovine Maleate
Ergonovine Maleate causes what type of contraction?
“always on” after labor/placenta delivery
Which drug has the following mechanism?
anti-fibrinolytic → complete inhibition of plasminogen activation
Tranexamic Acid
Which drug has the following mechanism?
Unknown mechanism - likely direct relaxation of uterus. Not FDA Approved for Pre-Term Labor
Magnesium Sulfate
Which drug has the following mechanism?
Inhibit Ca2+ flux via blocking L-type Calcium Channels → 🚫 Smooth Muscle Contraction. Not FDA Approved for Pre-Term Labor
Nifedipine
What is the mechanism of action for indomethacin?
Inhibit COX enzymes → 🚫 PG synthesis. Not FDA Approved for Pre-Term Labor
Which drug has the following mechanism?
Inhibits Oxytocin and PG effects on uterus. Not FDA Approved for Pre-Term Labor, recommended by American College of OB/Gyn
Progesterone
What three drugs are used in thyroid hormone replacement?
Levothyroxine
Liothyronine
Dessicated thyroid
What are 4 inhibitors of thyroid hormone synthesis?
PTU, methimazole, iodide, radioactive iodine
What are 2 beta blockers used in thyroid conditions?
propranolol, metoprolol
Which thyroid drug has the following mechanism of action?
Sodium salt of T4, may produce normal levels of both T3 and T4
Levothyroxine
The action of levothyroxine depends on…
peripheral deiodinase activity
Which thyroid drug is a sodium salt of T3?
Liothyronine
Which thyroid drug is a mix of T4 and T3 from pics?
dessicated thyroid
Patients with a deficiency in peripheral deiodinases may respond better to which drug?
Dessicated thyroid
which thyroid drug has the following mechanism of action?
Inhibits T4 synthesis by blocking conversion of T4 to T3
PTU
which thyroid drug has the following mechanism of action?
Strongly inhibits T4 synthesis (more than PTU)
methimazole
Because the effects of PTU and methimazole are gradual, what can be co-administered?
beta blockers
How long will circulating T3/T4 last before inhibition by PTU and methimazole takes full effect?
1 weeks
which thyroid drug has the following mechanism of action?
Short-term, rapid decrease of synthesis and release of T4 and T3
iodide
Large amounts of radioactive iodine has what effect?
What about small amounts?
small/uCi = diagnostic
large/mCi = destruction
which thyroid drug has the following mechanism of action?
inhibits peripheral conversion of T4 to T3
nonspecific beta blocker
Propranolol
Which osteoporosis drug is a rank-ligand inhibitor?
denosumab
What four drugs are bisphosphonates?
“-dronates”:
alendronate
ibandronate
risedronate
zoledronic acid
What three osteoporosis medications are PTH drugs?
teriparatide
abaloparatide
rhPTH
What two substances should be the minimum tx for osteoporosis?
calcium and vit. D
What are three hormone drugs used in osteoporosis?
estrogen, raloxifene, calcitonin
Which osteoporosis drug has the following mechanism of action?
Major mechanism is probably the inhibition of PTH secretion.
May alter the physical-chemical properties of the bone mineral.
Calcium
Which osteoporosis drug has the following mechanism of action?
binds to a nuclear receptor, hence works through gene regulation for its effects.
Increases GI calcium and phosphate absorption.
must be adequate for optimal absorption of calcium.
Vitamin D
Which osteoporosis drug has the following mechanism of action?
inhibits bone resorption of calcium and phosphate by osteoclasts
Antagonizes the actions of parathyroid hormone.
Calcitonin
Teriparatide is an intermittent recombinant form of which hormone?
PTH
Abaloparatide is a short recombinant form of what?
PTHrp
rhPTH is a full length recombinant of…
PTH
Which PTHR1 conformation is pro-osteoblast?
RG
Which PTHR1 conformation is pro-osteoclast?
R0
Which PTH drugs have the following mechanism of action?
once daily admin to stimulate RG receptor → osteoblast activity
Teriparatide and Abaloparatide
Which RG receptor stimulating drug has a 1600x affinity?
abaloparatide
Which PTH drug has the following mechanism?
binds R0 receptor to increase RANKL production → increased osteoclast activity
rhPTH
Which osteoporosis drug has the following mechanism of action?
Antibody to RANK-Ligand, the factor made by osteoblasts that is necessary for the formation of mature osteoclasts, leading to RANKL inhibition.
Denosumab
Which osteoporosis drug has the following mechanism of action?
P-C-P bond analogs of pyrophosphate
Used as substitute for phosphate in calcium binding and is incorporated into bone
inhibits osteoclast activity
bisphosphonates (-dronates)
