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Pharmacology II > Adrenergic Blockers > Flashcards

Adrenergic Blockers Flashcards

1
Q

This type of glaucoma is chronic…

A

open angle

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2
Q

this glaucoma results in a shallow anterior chamber resulting in blocked aq humor flow

A

closed angle

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3
Q

What is the focus of glaucoma tx?

A

reduce production of aq humor

increase humor removal

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4
Q

What is class DOC for glaucoma and what is the moa?

A

Prostaglandin analogues

increases aq humor outflow

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5
Q

This drug class is the second choice for glaucoma. they work by reducing production of aq humor. What class, and what 2 drugs?

A

Beta Blockers

Timolol, Betaxolol

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6
Q

The third line drugs for glaucoma work by decreasing humor production and increasing removal…

A

alpha 2 agonists

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7
Q

The last line of drugs used for glaucoma tx due to bad vision side effects… what specific drug?

A

cholinergic agonists

pilocarpine

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8
Q

this type of alpha blocker has the following characteristics…

Maximum effect maintained

ED50 (required dose) increased resulting in right shift

A

Reversible Alpha Blockers

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9
Q

This type of alpha blocker has the following characteristics:

ED50 increased, resulting in right shift of curve

Maximum response is diminished

A

Irreversible Alpha Blockers

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10
Q

___________ Receptor Blockers have the following effects:

Vasodilation

Reflex Tachycardia

Orthostatic Hypotension

Epi reversal

Miosis

Nasal Congestion

Decreased resistance to urine flow

Inhibition of ejaculation

A

Alpha receptor blockers

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11
Q

What drug class has the following effect:

decreased peripheral vascular resistance, especially when standing

A

Alpha Blockers

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12
Q

What drug class has the following effect:

Reflex tachycardia due to decreased BP and baroreflex induced receptor stimulation and NE release

A

Alpha blockers

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13
Q

What drug class has the following effect:

blocked receptor results in blocking of compensatory vasoconstriction

A

alpha blockers

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14
Q

What drug class has the following effect:

dilation of blood vessels in skeletal muscle resulting in decreased BP, increased HR

reverses Fx of epi

A

alpha blockers

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15
Q

What drug class has the following effect:

relaxes radial muscles of eye

A

alpha blockers

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16
Q

What drug class has the following effect:

causes vasodilation in nasal mucosa

A

alpha blockers

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17
Q

A patient presents with sudden onset severe HTN, Tachycardia, Arrhythmia.

What should you be suspicious of?

A

Pheochromocytoma

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18
Q

How do you dx pheochromocytoma?

A

measure 24hr urine NE and VMA

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19
Q

What drug class has the following effect:

Decreased HR, Contractility, Conduction, CO, and O2 demand in heart

Decreased BP with chronic use

A

Beta blockers

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20
Q

What drug class has the following effect:

decreased renin release

A

beta blockers

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21
Q

What drug class has the following effect:

bronchoconstriction

A

beta blockers

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22
Q

What drug class has the following effect:

decreased IOP

A

beta blockers

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23
Q

What drug class has the following effect:

inhibits glycogenolysis making hypoglycemia difficult to dx and recover from

A

beta blockers

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24
Q

What drug class has the following characteristic:

cannot be used in the eye as a local anesthetic

A

beta blockers

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25
What drug class has the following effect: decreases mortality after an MI
beta blockers
26
Phentolamine and Phenoxybenzamine are both what class?
non-specific alpha blockers
27
Which of the non-specific alpha blockers is irreversible, Phentolamine or Phenoxybenzamine?
Phenoxybenzamine
28
What type of bond does Phenoxybenzamine form with alpha receptors?
covalent
29
This non-specific alpha blocker has the following indications... Tx of HTN and rarely in HTN crisis Prevention of necrosis w/ accidental vasoconstrictor administration
Phentolamine
30
Patients with what condition should be prescribed phentolamine with caution?
CAD
31
This non-specific alpha blocker is DOC for: pre-op patients with severe HTN from Pheo
Phenoxybenzamine
32
This non-specific alpha blocker has the following SFx: orthostatic Hypotension Tachycardia Inhib. of ejaculation
phenoxybenzamine
33
This non-specific alpha blocker has the following SFx: Hypotension Tachycardia Arrythmia Myocardial ischemia
Phentolamine
34
Which alpha blocker is alpha-1 selective?
prazosin
35
This alpha blocker has the following indications: Tx of HTN and BPH Decrease LDL, TGs Increase HDL
Prazosin
36
Use of this drug with viagra and nitrates can cause hypotension, so must be prescribed with caution...
prazosin
37
This alpha blocker has a bad 1st dose effect of orthostatic hypotension, so sould be administered at bedtime.
prazosin
38
What is the mechanism by which prazosin causes hypotension?
blocks alpha-1 decreases peripheral vascular resistance
39
This alpha blocker is selective for the Alpha-1A receptor...
tamulosin
40
Is tamulosin useful in treating HTN?
no
41
This alpha blocker has the following therapeutic effects: Tx of BPH Decrease LDL, TGs Increase HDL
Tamulosin
42
This alpha blocker has the following adverse effects: Ejaculation dysfunction HA Dizziness
Tamulosin
43
Which beta blockers are non-specific?
Propranolol Timolol
44
Which drugs are combined alpha and beta blockers?
Carvedilol Labetalol
45
Beta-1 Receptor blockers include:
Betaxolol Esmolol Metoprolol Nebivolol
46
Which non-specific beta blocker is metabolized by CYP450 enzymes?
Propranolol
47
Which drugs are P450 inhibitors?
cimetidine
48
Which drugs are P450 inducers?
barbiturates phenytoin rifampin
49
This non-specific beta blocker should not be stopped abruptly...
propranolol
50
Which beta blocker has been shown to decrease mortality post-MI?
propranolol
51
This drug has the following contraindications: ``` Acute HF Asthma AV Block Bradycardia Cardiogenic Shock Pheo ```
propranolol
52
This drug has the following indications: Tx of Arrythmia, Early HF, Angina, HTN Tx of Hyperthyroidism Migraine prevention
propranolol
53
Why should propranolol be prescribed with caution in patients with DM?
revival of hypoglycemia made difficult
54
This drug has the following adverse effects: worsens COPD Bronchoconstriction Exacerbates late-stage HFrEF and bradycardia
Propranolol
55
This non-specific beta blocker is similar to propranolol, but is used in treatment of glaucoma...
timolol
56
Who should be prescribed timolol with caution?
asthma
57
Describe the routes of admin for timolol and the absorption...
PO and topical some systemic absorption
58
This beta-1 receptor blocker is primarily effective on the heart tissue by reducing HR and contractility...
metoprolol
59
Because it is a beta-1 receptor blocker, metroprolol has what advantage over propranolol?
fewer SFx. Better exercise tolerance, safer in DM and asthma
60
This beta 1 receptor blocker has the following indications... HTN, Angina, HF, Post-MI Migraine Prophylaxis
Metoprolol
61
This selective beta-1 receptor blocker is similar to metoprolol, but is used to treat glaucoma...
betaxolol
62
Patients with what condition should be prescribed betaxolol with caution?
asthma
63
This Beta 1/cardio receptor blocker has rapid action, a fast half-life and is administered IV...
Esmolol
64
This beta-1/cardio blocker is indicated for: emergent treatment of arrhythmia Critically ill patients who need to avoid long-lasting beta blocker SFx
esmolol
65
This beta 1 receptor blocker is the most selective for beta 1 and causes endothelial NO release
Nebivolol
66
Carvedilol is contraindicated in patients with what condition?
asthma
67
This combined alpha and beta receptor blocker has the following adverse effects: orthostatic hypotension bronchoconstriction
carvedilol
68
This alpha-beta receptor blocker has the following indications: Tx of HTN and HF after MI
carvedilol
69
this alpha-beta receptor blocker is lipid neutral...
carvedilol
70
Carvedilol and labetalol both cause vasodilation without what adverse effect?
reflex tachycardia
71
This combined alpha and beta blocker has the following indications: HTN during pregnancy Tx of HTN emergency
Labetalol
72
This combined alpha and beta receptor blocker has the following contraindications... orthostatic hypotension bronchoconstriction hepatotoxicity
labetalol

Pharmacology II (23 decks)

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