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Biomed Dx and Tests > Endocrine System > Flashcards

Endocrine System Flashcards

1
Q

Name Hypothalamus Hormone

A

Releasing and Inhibiting Hormones

:Regulate secretions of hormones by the anterior pituitary.

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2
Q

What gland Hormones are these?

TSH, ACTH,FSH, LH,PRL,GH,ADH(Antidiuretic), Oxytocin.

A

Pituitary Gland Hormones.

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3
Q

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)

  1. Produced in?
  2. function?
A
  1. Anterior Pituitary

2. Stimulates production of thyroid hormones.

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4
Q

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)

  1. Produced in?
  2. Function?
A
  1. Anterior Pituitary

2. Stimulates secretion of adrenal cortex hormones.

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5
Q

Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

  1. produced in?
  2. Hormone effects?
A
  1. Anterior Pituitary

2. Women: Estrogen and Egg Development/ Men:Sperm development

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6
Q

Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

  1. Produced in?
  2. Hormonal effects?
A

1.anterior Pituitary
2.women : Ovulation and progesterone
Men:testosterone

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7
Q

Prolactin
1.Produced in?

  1. Effects?
A
  1. Mammary Glands

2. stimulates mild production

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8
Q

GH

  1. produced in?
  2. Effects?
A
  1. Skeletal muscle , bones

2. Stimulates growth

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9
Q

Antidiuretic Hormone(ADH)

  1. production?
  2. effect?
A
  1. Produced by the Hypothalamus but stored and released by the posterior pituitary.
  2. Stimulate H2O absorption (decrease Urine Production)
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10
Q

Oxytocin

  1. Production?
  2. Effect?
A
  1. Produced but eh hyporhtalanmus but store and relapse but eh posterior Pituitary
  2. Stimulates contraction of labor and Milk ejection
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11
Q

Thyroid hormones

  1. T3 T4/
    Produced?
    Effects?
  2. Calcitonin
A
  1. Follicles cells in the thyroid Gland

Metabolic rate, essential for normal growth and development

2.Parafollicular cells in Thyroid Gland/Lower’s Blood Calcium levels by depositing calcium in bones.

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12
Q

Parathyroid Hormone

1/produced?
2.effect?

A
  1. chief cells of the parathyroid Gland

2. raise blood calcium levels(removes calcium from bones and urine and place it in the blood)

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13
Q

Name 4 Adrenal Gland Hormones

A

Aldosterone (minerals corticosteroids)
Cortisol(glucocorticoid)
Sex hormones
Epinephrine and Norepinephrine

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14
Q

Adrenal Gland Hormone

Aldosterone(Mineralocorticoid)-adrenal cortex
Effect?

A

Causes reabsorption of sodium out of urine, into bloodstream

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15
Q

Adrenal Gland Hormone
Cortisol(glucocorticoid) - Adrenal Cortex

Effect?

A

Cope with stress, High Blood Glucose, Lower inflammation.

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16
Q

Adrenal
Sex hormones

Produced?
Effects?

A

Produced in adrenal cortex

Androgens and estrogens for opposite sex

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17
Q

Adrenal Gland hormones
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine

Produced?
Effect?

A

Produced in Adrenal Medulla

Stimulates “Fight or flight “mechanism
B.P high, Heart rate High reroute Blood.

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18
Q

Pancreatic Hormones and Its functions?

A
  1. Glucagon : Raise Blood Sugar

2. Insulin : Lower Blood glucose

19
Q

Reproductive Hormones /functions?

  1. Androgen(Testosterone)
  2. Estrogens(estradiol)
  3. Progestins(Progesterone)
A
  1. 2ndary sex characteristics, promotes spermatogenesis sex drive, growth in adolescence.-produced in interstitial cells in testes.
  2. secondary sex characteristics , develop interior lining-Produced in Follicles in Ovary
  3. Develope untrained lining, promotes breast development.
20
Q

Produced in Kidney., Stimulate calcium, and phosphate ion absorption in digestive tract, stimulate osteoclasts, stimulate calcium reabsorption in kidneys. What Hormone?

A

Calcitrol

21
Q

Produced in Kidney, Increases red blood cell production.

A

Erythropoietin (EPO)

22
Q

Produced in Kidney, triggers renin-angiotensin mechanism.

A

Renin

23
Q

Produced in the heart, Increased H2O loss and sodium loss in the kidneys, decreased thirst, decreased ADH, decreased aldosterone(can help to lower Blood pressure and Blood volume)

A

Natriuretic peptides

24
Q

Maturation of T lymphocytes, produced In thymus, Target cell or tissue is Lymphocytes.

A

THymosins

25
Q

Control of appetite, sense of satiation, female reproduction.
Produced in Adipose tissue, Target cell or tissue, Hypothalamus.

A

Leptin

26
Q

Decreased Insulin sensitivity, Produced by Intestines, Target cells or tissue is Digestive system organs.

A

Secretin, Gastrin, Cholecystokinin.

27
Q

Assists in the growth and development of the fetus, preparation of breast tissue for lactation. Produced in the Placenta, Target tissue is Uterus and breast tissue.

A

Estrogen and Progesterone.

28
Q

Loosens joint supporting structures, produced in placenta.

A

Relaxin

29
Q

Pathology.

Hyper secretion of Growth Hormone in adult

A

Acromegaly

30
Q

Hyper secretion of adrenal cortex hormones. It most commonly caused by an autoimmune disease or cancer. Symptoms include a bronze tone to the skin, decreased ability to cope with stress, fatigue and hypoglycemia. Glucocorticoid medications are given for treatment.

A

Addison’s Dx

31
Q

Hypo secretion of Thyroid hormone in babies/children

A

Cretinism

32
Q

Hyper secretion of the hormone cortisol

A

Cushing’ Syndrome

33
Q

Hypo secretion of ADH, which causes excessive urine output. In response to this fluid loss, the person will become very thirsty and drink excessive amounts of fluids. Blood sugar levels and insulin in this individual are NOrmal. Treatment of this may involve the medication desmopressin.

A

Diabetes insipidus

34
Q

Hypo secretion of insulin or as a result of defective insulin receptors.

A

Diabetes mellitus

35
Q

Hyper secretion of GH in childhood. The patient will be extremely tall.

A

Gigantism

36
Q

An enlargement o the thyroid gland, often due to a lack of iodine in the diet. Iodine is needed to make thyroid homes. Other causes include autoimmune dx and a this can be seen in hyperthyroidism and in some cases, hypothyroidism ,

A

Goiter

37
Q

A type of hyperthyroidism this is an autoimmune Dx.
Exophthalmos, Protusion of the eyeballs from the eye socket, tx will be radioactive iodine, surgery or another oil medications.

A

Graves Dx.

38
Q

An autoimmune Dx which damages the thyroid, causing it to decrease in function and performance. This is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in the United States.

A

Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis

39
Q

Excess glucose in the blood.

A

Hyperglycemia

40
Q

Low blood sugar

A

Hypoglycemia

41
Q

Increased secretion of PTH in which massive bone destruction occurs

A

Hyperparathyroidism

42
Q

Decreased secretion of PTH which allows blood calcium levels to fall too low.

A

Hypoparathyroidism

43
Q

Hyposecretion of GH in childhood.

A

Pituitary Dwrfism

Biomed Dx and Tests (13 decks)

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