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Pharmacology > Endocrine Pharmacolgy > Flashcards

Endocrine Pharmacolgy Flashcards

1
Q

Dopamine agonists that may be used in hyperprolactinemia ?

A
  1. Bromocriptine
  2. Pergolide
  3. Cabergolide
  4. Quinagolide
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2
Q

Recombinant IGF-1 that stimulates skeletal muscle growth , amino acid transport, protein synthesis and cell proliferation?

A

Mecasermin

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3
Q

Potential uses of the drug Ocreotide?

A
  1. Acromegaly
  2. Pituitary adenoma (GH-secreting)
  3. Carcinoid
  4. Gastrinoma
  5. Glucagonoma
  6. Variceal bleeding
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4
Q

Difference between intermittent and continuous administration of GnRH agonists?

A

Intermittent: Inc LH , FSH
Continuous: Dec LH , FSH

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5
Q

Substances blocking the uptake of iodide by the gland through competitive inhibition of the iodide transport mechanism.

A

Perchlorate
Pertechnetate
Thiocyanate

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6
Q

Teratogenic effect of methimazole?

A

Aplasia cutis Congenita

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7
Q

Absolute contraindications to RAI administration?

A

Pregnant
Breastfeeding

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8
Q

Drugs that inhibit peripheral conversion of T4 to T3?

A

PTU
Propranolol
Prednisone

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9
Q

Category of Betamethasone & Dexamethasone in terms of duration of action?

A

Long acting glucocorticoids

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10
Q

MOA of Amino-glutethimide?

A

Desmolase inhibitor

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11
Q

Side effects of Estrogen use? (10)

A
  1. Breakthrough bleeding
  2. Nausea
  3. Breast tenderness
  4. Migraine
  5. Thromboembolism (DVTs)
  6. Gall bladder disease
  7. Hypertriglyceridemia
  8. Hypertension
  9. Premature closure of epiphysis
  10. Increase risk of breast & endometrial cancer
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12
Q

Important complication of diethylstilbestrol?

A

1Clear cell vaginal adenocarcinoma In daughters of mothers who took DES

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13
Q

MOA & use of Tibolone?

A
  1. Synthetic steroid with weak estrogenic , progestogenic, and androgenic activity.
  2. Used in menopausal hormone therapy, post menopausal osteoporosis & endometriosis.
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14
Q

Androgen receptor antagonist?

A
  1. Flutamide
  2. Bicalutamide
  3. Nilutamide
  4. Cyproterone
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15
Q

Duration of action of Insulin Detemir?

A

Long acting

“ Ultra Large Dati, Glued = Long acting”
Ultralente
Glargine
Detemir
Degludec

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16
Q

Antidiabetics with higher propensity to cause hypoglycemia especially among the elderly.

A

1st generation sulfonylureas
1. Chlorpropamide
2. Tolbutamide
3. Tolazamide

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17
Q

Most common side effect of metformin?

A

GI disturbance / Diarrhea

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18
Q

Most serious side effect of metformin?

A

Lactic acidosis

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19
Q

Thiazolidine associated with cardiovascular events?

A

Rosiglitazone ( rose red red ang heart)

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20
Q

Thiazolidinedione associated with hepatotoxicity?

A

Troglitazone

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21
Q

MOA of miglitol?

A

a-glucosidase inhibitor ( like acarbose & Voglibose)

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22
Q

Anti-diabetic drugs causes weight gain?

A

“ always SITting kaya tumataba”
Sulfonylurea
Isulin
TZDs

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23
Q

Contraindications of glibenclamide?

A

Hepatic impairment
Renal insufficiency

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24
Q

Contraindications of Pioglitazone?

A

Pregnancy
Chronic liver disease
Congestive Heart Failure

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25
Q

Pioglitazone increases the risk for what disease?

A

Bladder cancer

26
Q

GLP-1 agonists?

A

“-tide”
Exenatide
Liraglutide
Lixisenatide
Semaglutide
Dulaglutide

27
Q

Adverse effect of DPP4-Inhibitors

A

Pancreatitis

28
Q

DPP-4 Inhibitors ?

A
  1. Sitagliptin
  2. Saxagliptin
  3. Linagliptin
  4. Vidagliptin
  5. Tenegliptin
    “-gliptin”
29
Q

Antidiabetic drug class with uti as a side effect?

A

SGLT2 Inhibitors: “glifozin”
Canaglifozin
Dapagliflozin
Empagliflozin

30
Q

Instructions to patient who is taking Alendronate?

A

Take lots of water and keep patient in an upright position for 30 mins after intake of drug.

31
Q

Strontium mechanism of action?

A

Suppresses bone resorption and increase bone formation

32
Q

Drug that activates calcium sensing receptor, inhibiting PTH secretion

A

Cinacalcet

33
Q

Side effects of Misoprostol that leads to poor compliance?

A

Diarrhea

34
Q

A drug producing a net increase in bone formation?

A

Teriparatide

35
Q

Use of hCG in undescended testes?

A

Increases weight and vascularity of testes

36
Q

Teriparatide can only be used for 2 years due to the risk to develop?

A

Osteosarcoma

37
Q

GnRH agonists

A
  1. Leuprolide
  2. Gonadorelin
  3. Goserelin
  4. Histrelin
  5. Nafrelin
  6. Triptorelin

“-relin except Leuprolide “

38
Q

Side effect of a drug for BPH?

A

Orthostatic hypotension

39
Q

Liraglutide mechanism of action?

A

Glucose mediated insulin secetagogue
Decrease glucagon
Decrease post-prandial glucose

40
Q

Drugs used for the management of cushings syndrome?

A
  1. Ketoconazole
  2. Metyrapone
  3. Trilostane
41
Q

Most dangerous complication of thalidomide?

A

Agranulocytosis

42
Q

Drug preffered for the management of thyroid storm?

A

PTU
SSKI
Propranolol

43
Q

Treatment for patient with pcos, presenting with worsening acne and hirsutism?

A

Cyproterone

44
Q

Components of contraceptives that acts by increasing viscosity of cervical mucus, and hinders sperm motility

A

Levonorgestrel
Medroxyprogesterone

45
Q

Drugs that cause follicular development?

A

Menotropin
hCG
Urofollitropin

46
Q

Cause ovarian hyperstimulation?

A

Clomiphene
Letrozole
Menotropins

47
Q

An effect of clomiphene?

A

Inhibition of Estradiols negative feedback leading to increase of FSH & LH

48
Q

Medical treatment of acromegaly?

A

GH receptor antagonist
Somatostatin analog
Dopamine agonist

49
Q

Patient with acromegaly will benefit from this drugs

A

Pegvisomant
Ocreotide
Somatostatin

50
Q

Given bolus to address hyperglycemia in a diabetic patient

A

Rapid acting insulin

51
Q

SE of dapagliflozin (SGLT2 Inh)

A
  1. Increased incidence of UTI
  2. Edema
  3. Nausea and vomiting
  4. Decreased amount of urine
52
Q

Dopamine receptor agonist?

A

Carbegoline

53
Q

Medical treatment for hyperprolactinemia?

A

Dopamine agonist : ergot
Bromocriptine
Pergolide
Carbegoline
Piribedil

54
Q

Effect of SGLT-2 inhibitors

A

Enhanced glycemic control
Reduction in body weight
Reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure

55
Q

Moa of conivaptan

A

Acts as an antagonist of anti diuretic hormone receptor

56
Q

Effects of conivaptan

A

Increase in urine output
Increase net fluid loss
Decrease urine osmolality

57
Q

Drug blocking progesterone receptors?

A

Mifepristone

58
Q

Norethindrone effects?

A

Acne
Weight gain
Hirsutism

59
Q

Moam of mifipristone that induces abortion?

A

Antagonism of progesterone receptor

60
Q

Medication given after pituitary adenoma resection?

A

Thyroxine for Hypothyroidism

61
Q

Drugs that acts as a somatostatin analog for acromegaly?

A

Ocreotide

62
Q

Antagonizes the effect of an endogenous aldosterone?

A

Eplerenone

Pharmacology (12 decks)

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