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Anatomy > Endocrine: Other Organs > Flashcards

Endocrine: Other Organs Flashcards

1
Q

What do kidneys produce?

A

Erythropoietin

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2
Q

What does erythropoietin stimulate?

A

Red Bone marrow to increase production of oxygen-carrying red blood cells

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3
Q

What stimulates erythropoietin production?

A

Hypoxia (condition of a decrease in the oxygen content of blood)

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4
Q

A condition that often accompanies serious kidney disease or kidney failure

A

Anemia (deficiency of red blood cells)

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5
Q

What does anemia result from?

A

Damaged kidneys’ inability to produce enough erythropoietin

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6
Q

Where is gastrin produced?

A

By the cells in the stomach wall

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7
Q

True or False: Gastrin is both produced and works in the stomach wall

A

True

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8
Q

What stimulates gastrin secretion?

A

Presence of food in the stomach

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9
Q

Gastrin stimulates gastric glands to secrete ____________ __________ and digestive enzymes

A

Hydrochloric acid

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10
Q

True or False: Gastrin does not have an effect on muscular contractions of the stomach wall

A

False - it encourages muscular contractions of the stomach wall

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11
Q

What 2 hormones are produced in the lining of the small intestine?

A

Secretin
Cholecystokinin (CCK)

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12
Q

What triggers hormone secretion in the small intestine?

A

Presence of Chyme in the duodenum

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13
Q

What is Chyme?

A

Partially digested material

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14
Q

What does secretin stimulate?

A

Pancreas to secrete fluid to neutralize acidic chyme

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15
Q

What does CCK stimulate?

A

Pancreas to release digestive enzymes

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16
Q

What effects do both secretin and CCK have on the stomach?

A

Slow movement of chyme
Stimulate gall bladder to send bile to small intestine

17
Q

What is the placenta?

A

Life-support system that surrounds developing fetus during pregnancy
Acts as interface with maternal circulation

18
Q

What hormones are produced in the placenta that support and maintain pregnancy?

A

Estrogen
Progesterone
Chorionic Gonadotropin (horses and humans) in significant amounts
Relaxin (in some species)

19
Q

What is the Thymus?

A

Organ that helps kick start the immune system early in an animal’s life

20
Q

True or False: The thymus stays the same size as an animal grows?

A

False - Shrinks down and nearly disappears when animal reaches adulthood

21
Q

What hormone-like chemical substances does the thymus produce?

A

Thymosin
Thymopoietin

22
Q

What is the role of PGE’s? (E group of prostaglandins)

A

Initiate inflammation in the body

23
Q

What is the role of PGF2alpha’s? (Prostaglandin F2alpha)

A

Given to female animals that have a functional corpus luteum in her ovary, it will quickly destroy it

24
Q

When are PGF2alpha’s used?

A

To synchronize estrous cycles in livestock so that the group can be bred at the same time

Anatomy (17 decks)

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