embryology Flashcards

1
Q

where do pharyngeal (or branchial) arches develop?

A

in all vertebrates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what order do the pharyngeal (or brachial) arches develop?

A

from head to neck

begin to develop between week 4 and 5
Arch 1- day 22
arch 2+ 3- day 24
Arch 4+ 6- day 29

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

when do the pharyngeal (or brachial) arhes develop?

A

begin to develop between week 4 and 5

Arch 1- day 22
arch 2+ 3- day 24
Arch 4+ 6- day 29

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are the three components of the pharyngeal apparatus?

A
  • core pharyngeal arch (mesenchymal tissue)
  • external pharyngeal cleft (ectoderm)
  • internal pharyngeal pouch (endoderm)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what separates the pharyngeal arches?

A

clefts and pouches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what do each pharyngeal arch consist of?

A
  • core of mesenchyme derived from paraxial and lateral plate mesoderm
  • neural crest cells
  • cranial nerve compartment
  • artery (aortic arch arteries)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what does the musculature in ENT derive from?

A

-core of mesenchyme derived from paraxial and lateral plate mesoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what does smooth muscle and connective tissue in ENT derive from?

A

neural crest cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what processes are part of the 1st arch?

A
  • maxillary process

- mandibular process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what does the maxillary process (cranial portion) or the 1st arch go on to form?

A
  • maxilla

- zygomatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what does the mandibular process (caudal portion) or the 1st arch go on to form?

A
  • Meckel’s cartilage
  • incus and malleus (ear ossicles)
  • mandible
  • squamous portion of temporal bone
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the cartilage within the 2nd cartilage called?

A

Reichert’s cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what does the 2nd arch go on to form?

A
  • stapes
  • styloid process of temporal bone
  • stylohyoid ligament
  • lesser horn of hyoid
  • upper part of hyoid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what does the 3rd arch go on to form?

A
  • greater horn of hyoid bone

- lower part of hyoid bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what do the 4th and 6th arches go on to form?

A

-laryngeal cartilages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what nerve supplies any structure made from the 1st arch?

A

Trigeminal nerve CN V

17
Q

what nerve supplies any structure made from the 2nd arch?

A

Facial nerve (CNVII)

18
Q

what nerve supplies any structure made from the 3rd arch?

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve (CNIX)

19
Q

what nerve supplies any structure made from the 4th and 6th arch?

A

Vagus nerve (CN X)

20
Q

where do all the muscles by CNV (trigeminal nerve) come from?

A

1st arch

21
Q

which is the only motor component of trigeminal nerve?

A

V3 mandibular nerve

22
Q

where do all the muscles supplied by CNVII (facial nerve) come from?

A

2nd arch

23
Q

what are the muscles supplied by Trigeminal nerve CNV3?

A
  • muscles of mastications
  • tensor veli palatini
  • tensor tympani
  • mylohyoid
  • anterior belly of digastric
24
Q

what muscles are supplied by facial nerve CNVII?

A
  • muscles of facial expression
  • posterior belly of digastric
  • stylohyoid
  • stapedius
  • auricular muscles
25
Q

where do all muscles supplied by CNIX (glossopharyngeal nerve) come from?

A

3rd arch

26
Q

what are the muscles supplied by CNIX (glossopharyngeal)?

A

stylopharyngeus

27
Q

where are muscles supplied by CNX derived from? (vagus nerve)

A

4th and 6th arches

4th:

  • levator veli palatini
  • salpingopharyngeus
  • palatoglossus
  • palatopharyngeus
  • 3 pharyngeal constrictors
  • cricothyroid

6th
-intrinsic muscles of the larynx