EEEK

Question 1

nociceptors

Answer 1

pain
density varies by location
sensitive to:

Question 2

thermoreceptors

Answer 2

• temperature
• located in skin, muscles, liver, hypothalamus
• 3-4 cold receptors for every 1 warm receptors

Question 3

mechanoreceptors

Answer 3

sensitive to stimuli that stretch, twist, or compress 
3:
tactile
baroreceptors 
proprioceptors

Question 4

Tactile receptors

Answer 4

touch

6 types of skin receptors, from free nerve endings to specialized

Question 5

baroreceptors

Answer 5

pressure

• regulation of autonomic activities
• free nerve endings embedded in walls of distensible organs (digestive, excretory, respiratory, blood vessels)

Question 6

proprioceptors

Answer 6

position
- free nerve endings
position of joints, state of muscular contractions, tension in tendons and ligaments
sense of body position coordinates here and with inner ear

Question 7

chemoreceptors

Answer 7

respond to water- and lipid soluble substances dissolved in surrounding fluid
-autonomic regulation
respiratory (CO_2 and O_2) and CV function (H+)

Question 8

Special senses

Answer 8

located within specific structures and more complex in structure
3
photoreceptors
mechanoreceptors

Question 9

functions of the ear

Answer 9

hearing and equilibrium (balance)

Question 10

outer ear

Answer 10

Auricle (pinna)
Auditory canal
tympanum (ear drum)

Question 11

3 divisions of the ear

Answer 11

outer ear
Middle ear
Inner ear

Question 12

Cerumen

Answer 12

(ear wax)

Question 13

Middle Ear

Answer 13

hammer, anvil, and stirrup 
   - (malleus, incus, and stapes)
oval window
Eustachian tube equalizes pressure on either side of eardrum 
    - connects to nasopharynx

Question 14

Inner ear

Answer 14

vestibule
cochlea
semicircular canal

Question 15

Mechanoreceptors: Hair cells

Answer 15

• hair cell communicates with sensory neuron by continual release of neurotransmitters
• Eternal force moves cilia, causing increase or decrease of neurotransmitter release

Question 16

dynamic equilibrium

Answer 16

maintains balance when head and body move suddenly

Question 17

static equilibrium

Answer 17

maintains body posture and stability when body is motionless

Question 18

2 main types of hearing loss

Answer 18

inner ear: auditory nerve damage- Permanent 
sound waves cannot reach inner ear
- earwax buildup
- fluid buildup 
-ear drum puncture

Question 19

balance problems

Answer 19

result of:

• head injury
• localized disorders of blood circulation
• infection
• age

Question 20

sensory receptors

Answer 20

senses located in the PNS
receptors are the dendrites of sensory neurons
- free nerve endings - sensitive to multiple stimuli
- complex receptors- sensitive to one stimuli

Question 21

receptive field

Answer 21

area monitored by single receptor field

Question 22

when does adaptation occur

Answer 22

jumpinto into a pool, putting on perfume,

Question 23

adaptation

Answer 23

reduction in sensitivity to presence of constant stimulus

can increase or decrease amount of sensroy info coming in by “tuning in/ out”

Question 24

what percent of sensory info reaches the cerebrum

Answer 24

1%

Question 25

sense of taste is dependent on

Answer 25

smell

Question 26

sense of smell is the ability to detect

Answer 26

chemicals

Question 27

chemoreceptors line the

Answer 27

nasal passages

Question 28

tastes of the tongue

Answer 28

• salty
• sweet
• bitter
• sour
• umami
• water

Question 29

issues with taste and smell

Answer 29

• smoking causes long-term damage to taste and smell
• blockages of nasal passages; colds, allergies
• Nasal polyps
• age