edukake - Waste management and recycling and Land use and deforestation

Question 1

what gas causes acid rain

Answer 1

nitrogen dioxide

Question 2

What type of organisms are herbicides intended to kill?

Answer 2

Herbicides are chemicals used by gardeners and farmers to kill weeds.

Question 3

How is sulfur dioxide usually released into the atmosphere?

Answer 3

sulfur dioxide are emitted into the air as result of fossil fuel combustion

Sulfur dioxide enters the atmosphere as a result of burning fossil fuels that contain sulfur impurities. Various types of industry release sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere.

Question 4

What type of organism present in huge numbers indicates that eutrophication has taken place?

Answer 4

algae

Question 5

what organisms use the nutrients released by decay?

(2)

Answer 5

• plants
• microorganisms

Question 6

what non-living indicator can give a good indication of changes in the environment?

(4)

Answer 6

• oxygen levels
• rainfall
• temperature
• pH
• carbon dioxide levels

Question 7

Sewage was accidentally released into a river. What would you expect to happen to the oxygen levels in the water?

Answer 7

The presence of sewage in a river decreases the amount of dissolved oxygen present in the water as microorganisms decompose it and use the oxygen for respiration.

Question 8

True or false? The effects of acid rain may be seen thousands of miles away from the industry that caused it.

Answer 8

true because Airborne sulfur dioxide can travel thousands of miles away from its source.

Question 9

If fertiliser is washed from farmland into a pond, what effect will it have on oxygen levels in the pond in the long term?

Answer 9

• decrease
• If a farmer fertilises their land and some of the fertiliser leaches into a pond, the oxygen levels will decrease in the long term. The nitrates in the fertiliser result in increased growth of algae, which prevents sunlight from reaching plants under the surface. These plants die and no longer undergo photosynthesis, so less oxygen is produced and the overall oxygen levels in the pond decrease.

Question 10

If fertiliser is washed from farmland into a pond, what effect will it initially have on plant growth in the pond?

Answer 10

If a farmer fertilises their land and some of the fertiliser is washed into a pond, there will be an initial increase in plant growth. This is because the fertiliser will provide extra nutrients for plant growth.

Question 11

In the water cycle what is the name given to the process of water falling from clouds?

Answer 11

precipitation
Precipitation includes:
* rain
* snow
* hail.

Question 12

What two words in the name a form that carbon can take that has taken millions of years to form?

Answer 12

Fossil fuels such as coal, crude oil and natural gas are formed from dead organisms over millions of years.

Question 13

Apart from dead organisms, what process returns carbon from living animals to the cycle?

Answer 13

• respiration
• Egestion removes undigested food from the body as faeces and excretion removes waste products and toxic substances from the body via the skin, kidneys and lungs. In both cases, the waste material removes carbon from the body and returns it to the environment.

Question 14

What process carried out by microorganisms in the carbon cycle releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere?

Answer 14

• decomposition
• This process is aerobic respiration, where glucose and oxygen react to form carbon dioxide and water.

Question 15

what is happening to the nutrients and water in the biome?

Answer 15

• The biome is a closed system meaning nothing can get in or out.
• This means that the nutrients and water inside the biome are recycled

Question 16

During photosynthesis, what does carbon dioxide react with to make carbohydrate?

Answer 16

water from the soil

Question 17

what’s the definition of the term “standard of living”?

Answer 17

the level of material comfort that is available to meet our needs. This includes goods, services and luxuries.

Question 18

Ethanol

Answer 18

Ethanol is a biofuel made from crops such as sugarcane.

Question 19

What term is used for a fuel that comes from the products of recent living organisms? (Hint: not fossil fuels which are the products of long dead organisms.)

Answer 19

biofuel

The prefix “bio” relates to living.

Question 20

what are peat bogs used for

Answer 20

Peat bogs are used for compost and fuel.

good for biodiversity as they support unique plant and animal species.

Because peat is rich in organic material, making it great for soil improvement and energy production.

Question 21

Why should we use peat-free compost in our gardens? Choose

Answer 21

because removing peat from peat bogs results in an increase in carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere.

Question 22

What effect does the destruction of peat bogs have on the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?

Answer 22

Peat bogs are a store of carbon. If the peat is removed and burned, a large amount of carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere.

Question 23

What name is given to the partially decomposed vegetable matter found in boggy, acidic ground?

Answer 23

peat bogs

Question 24

notes

Answer 24

Biofuels do not give out more carbon dioxide overall than fossil fuels. They are overall carbon neutral whereas fossil fuels are not.

Question 25

Is the amount of methane in the atmosphere more likely to increase or decrease as more forests are destroyed?

Answer 25

• increase
• because the cleared land is used to graze cattle which produce methane as a waste product.