Early Childhood: Social and Emotional Development Flashcards
Characteristics of Warm parents:
affectionate, caring, supportive
Characteristics of Cold Parents:
distant, lack affection, strict
The child of _____ parents are more likely do develop internal standards of conduct; a moral sense, or conscience
Warm and accepting
When enforcing restrictions, parents tend to use the methods of _______, __________, ___________
induction, power assertion and withdrawal of love
______________ aim to teach knowledge that will enable children to generate desirable behavior on their own
inductive method
The main inductive technique is ______, or explaining why one kind of behavior is good and another is not
Reasoning
Power assertive methods include
physical punishment and denial of privileges
With Withdrawal of love they _______ or _______ misbehaving children
ignore and isolate
_________ ________ focused on the relationship between parenting styles and the development of competent behavior in young children
Diana Baumrind
Characteristics of an authoritative parent:
high warmth and high restrictive
reason with their children
supportive and show feelings of love
respect their children
Characteristic of an authoritarian parent
value obedience for its own sake
strict and demanding
enforcement method rely on force
does not communicate nor respect their children
Characteristics of Permissive indulgent
high warmth, low in control
easy-going and unconventional
Characteristics of Permissive indulgent
low in their demands and low in warmth
rarely interested in their child, uninvolved
Authoritative children:
self- reliance and independent,
high self-esteem, social competience
Authoritarian children:
hostile and defiant, anxious
low in independency and dominance
Permissive-Indulgent children:
less competent in school, substance abuse
show more misconduct, high in social competence
self confidence
Permissive-neglecting children
less competent in school, substance abuse
show more misconduc
True or false: parents are most likely to use power-assertiveness techniques when dealing with aggressive behavior. Stress also contributes to use of power
True
Positive effects of sibling interaction
cooperation, teaching, and maturance
Negative effects of sibling interaction
conflict, control, and competition
__________ can enhance their their social competence
sibling conflicts
There is more conflict between siblings when the parents play ________
favorites
children show a mixture of negative and positive reactions to the birth of a sibling, they include ________, to babylike behaviors such as increased clinging,crying,and toilet accidents
Regression
Characteristics of first born children:
highly motivated to achieve perform better academically more cooperative more adult oriented and cooperative greater anxiety levels,less self-reliant
Characteristics of later born children:
act aggressive
lower self concept
more rebellious and liberal, social skills high
True or false: parents are more relaxed and flexible with later born children
True
______ __________ foster social skills— sharing helping taking turns and dealing with conflict. Groups teach children how to lead and how to follow. Provide emotional support
Peer interactions
By ____ years of age, children imitate one another’s play and engage in social games such as follow the leader, at this time they show preference for particular playmates
2 years of age
_____ helps children develop motor skills and coordination. It contributes to social development .
Play
_______ _______ play in which children enact social roles. It supports the development of such cognitive qualities as curiosity, exploration, symbolic thinking and problem solving. learn to control impuleses
Dramatic play
______ ______ begins in the sensorimotor stage, repetitive motor activity, rolling a ball, running or laughing
Functional play
________ _______ pretend play, imaginative play or dramatic play , creates settings, characters and scripts
Symbolic play
______ ______ use objects or materials to draw something or make somethings
Contructive play
______ _______ games with rules include board games which are sometimes enchance or invented by children
formal games
solitary play, play in which children do not interact socially, more often in three year olds and two. Involve educational activities
Nonsocial play
Play in which children interact with and are influenced by others, become common by age five
Social play
__________ _________, also known as altruism is intended to benefit another without expectation of reward, Includes sharing, cooperation, and helping and comforting others
Prosocial behavior
_________, sensitivity to the feelings of others and is connected with sharing and cooperation, promotes prosocial behavior
Empathy
True or False: Anger and aggression in preschoolers usually cause other preschoolers to reject them
True
Theories of Aggression;
Male sex hormone, testosterone
lack of empathy, and the ability to see things from the perspective of other people
reinforcement and observational learning
physically punish, model behavior
___________ is a fertile source of aggressive models, and most organizations of health professionals agree that media violence contributes to aggression in children
Television
5 ways that depictions of violence make their contribution:
Observational learning Disinhibition Increased Arousal Priming of aggressive thoughts and memories Habitiuation
True or false: they describe themselves in terms of certain categories such as age groupings and gender
True
Self definitions that refer to concrete external traits have been called the _________
categorical self
Intiative vs. guilt:
strive to achieve independence from their parents and master adult behaviors. Encourage their attempts to learn and explore
