Adolescence: Physical And Cognitive Development

Question 1

Puberty is controlled by a __________ ______, involving the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, the gonads— ovaries and testes as well as hormones

Answer 1

Feedback loop

Question 2

Primary sex characteristics consist of:

Answer 2

Structures that make reproduction possible:
Ovaries, vagina, uterus. And Fallopian tubes
Penis prostate gland and seminal vesicles

Question 3

Secondary sex characteristics consist of:

Answer 3

Physical indicators of sexual maturation.

Breast development, deepening of the voice, facial and pubic hair

Question 4

Development of girls during puberty:

Answer 4

Spurt in height earlier
Broader hips
More rounded, gain more fatty tissues

Question 5

Development of Boys during puberty:

Answer 5

Voice deepens
Balls drop
More muscle mass

Question 6

___________, first menstruation in the United States. Hypothesis: girls must reach a certain body weight.

Answer 6

Menarche

Question 7

The stage of development characterized by reaching sexual maturity and the ability to reproduce

Answer 7

Puberty

Question 8

Positive aspects of early maturity in boys and girls:

Answer 8

Boys: more popular, admiration
Girls: popular in boys, awkward

Question 9

Negative aspects of early maturity in boys and girls:

Answer 9

Boys: greater risk of aggression, and deliquency, sexual opportunities, substance abuse
Girls: psychological problems and substance abuse, lower grades and sexual endevours

Question 10

__________ ________ in our society tend to be more preoccupied with body weight and slimmness than adolescent males

Answer 10

Adolescent females

Question 11

Top 3 causes of death in adolescents

Answer 11

1. accidents
2. homicide
3. suicide

Question 12

________ _______: an eating disorder characterized by irrational fear of weight gain, distorted body image, and severe weight loss

Answer 12

Anorexia nervosa

Question 13

_________ ________: an eating disorder characterized by cycles of binge eating and purging as a means of controlling weight gain

Answer 13

Bulimia nervosa

Question 14

A persistent pattern of use of a substance characterized by frequent intoxication: impairment of physical, social, or emotional well-being and possible physical addiction

Answer 14

Substance use disorder (substance abuse)

Question 15

A characteristic cluster of symptoms that results from a sudden decrease in the level of usage of a substance

Answer 15

Abstinence syndrome

Question 16

___________ slow the activity of the nerbous system and it includes alcohol, narcotics (heroin) and sedatives (meth). Distorts perception, impairs concentration hinders coordination and slurs the speech. Relief from pain, anxiety and tension

Answer 16

Depressants

Question 17

___________ speed up the heartbeat and other bodily functions. Include Nicotine, cocaine, and amphetamines.

Answer 17

Stimulants

Question 18

___________ give rise to perceptual distortions called hallucinations which sometimes can be so strong as to be confused with reality. Include: Marijuana, Ecstasy, LSD, and PCP

Answer 18

Hallucinogens

Question 19

The fourth stage in Piaget’s developmental theory, characterized by the capacity for flexible, reversible operations concerning abstract ideas and concepts such as symbols, statements, and theories

Answer 19

Formal operation

Question 20

________ _______: Adolescents can project themselves into situations that transcend their immediate experience and becomes wrapped up in fantasy: WHAT IF’s

Answer 20

Hypothetical Thinking

Question 21

________ ________ adolescent place themselves on stage, but surrounded by critics more than by admirers. Assume that other people are concerned with their appearance and behavior, more so than they really are

Answer 21

Imaginary audience

Question 22

_________ _______ the belief that our feelings and ideas are special and unique and that we are invulnerable

Answer 22

Personal fable

Question 23

According to Kohlberg, a period during which moral judgments are derived from moral principles and people look to themselves to set moral standards.

Answer 23

Postconventional level

Question 24

Pros of Adolescent Employment

Answer 24

• develop a sense of responsibility
• self-reliance
• discipline
• learning to appreciate the value of money
• positive work habits

Question 25

Cons of Adolescent Employment

Answer 25

• more of an opportunity to access various substances
• lower grades
• delinquent behavior
• higher levels of psychological problems