EAPP(2nd Quarter) Flashcards
are the original documents of an event or discovery such as results of research, experiments or surveys, interviews, letters, diaries, legal documents, and scientific journal articles.
Primary sources
are also recordings of events as they are first described. These might be videotapes, audio recordings or eyewitness news reports.
Primary sources
offer an analysis or a
restatement of an event or discovery described in primary sources. They interpret, explain or
summarize primary sources. Some are used to persuade the reader.
Secondary sources
may be considered less
objective.
Secondary sources
BASIC RESEARCH TOOLS (4)
- LIBRARY CATALOGS
- ARTICLE DATABASES
- REFERENCE RESOURCES
- SEARCH ENGINES
Use to find location and holdings of books,
periodicals and other material within libraries.
LIBRARY
CATALOGS
To find articles on specific subjects. Especially useful in finding scholarly and academic journal
articles.
ARTICLE DATABASES
Finding aids such as encyclopedias, dictionaries, atlases, almanacs, etc.
REFERENCE RESOURCES
Use to find Websites and other Internet resources.
SEARCH ENGINES
DIFFERENT TYPES OF WEB PAGES
- Advocacy
- News
- Personal
- Professional
- Scholarly
are publications that are printed; daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly or annually.
Periodicals
are publications intended to be
published indefinitely
into the future.
Serials
Files, Formats, and Media on the Web
- Audio
- Video
- Text
- Graphics
How do we evaluate Information?
a. In Libraries
b. On the Internet
- Accuracy and Credibility
- Who is the author?
- Coverage and Relevance
- Currency
- Objectivity or Bias
- Sources or Documentation
- Publication and website design
is defined as moral principles that govern a person’s behavior or the conducting of an activity.
Ethics
asks you to be concerned about what is inherently right or wrong in a given situation.
Ethical behavior
is writing that clearly indicates (via documentation) where source material has been incorporated into one’s own writing.
Ethical writing
is also writing that acknowledges a range of perspectives on an issue.
Ethical writing
is writing with a level of inclusion, respect, and acknowledgement of diversity.
Ethical writing
GUIDELINES FOR ETHICAL WRITING 3
- Considering Wording
- Citing Sources
- Conciseness
CONSIDERING WORDING
Making Assumptions
Emotional Words
Stereotypes
Inclusive Language
CITING SOURCES
Proper Citation
Borrowed Ideas
Paraphrases
Citing Style
CONCISENESS
Conciseness
Professionalism
the practice of taking someone else’s work or ideas and passing them off as one’s own. (Oxford Dictionaries, n.d.) is heavily frowned upon and typically carries big penalties.
Plagiarism
is a law that helps to stamp out plagiarism and other
unauthorized uses of intellectual or creative property.
Copyright
Enabling flexibility and openness through attribution and sharing while maintaining conditions that seek to prevent unauthorized use.
Creative Commons
GUIDELINES TO AVOID PLAGIARISM
- Understand the context
- Quote
- Identify what does and does not need to be cited
- Manage your citations
- Use plagiarism checkers
PRE-WRITING
Brainstorming
Researching
Outlining
WRITING
Drafting
POST-WRITING
Editing/Proofreading
Revising
Polishing
by creating a list of ideas that you came up with, or drawing a map and diagram, or just writing down whatever you can think of without thinking about grammar.
Brainstorm (Pre-Writing)
An essential part is gathering information. This can be done through Interviewing people, researching in the library, assessing data, surveying And many others.
Researching (Pre-Writing)
your paper by beginning with its three major parts: introduction, body, and conclusion.
Outline (Pre-Writing)
This occurs when you put your ideas into sentences and paragraphs. You concentrate upon explaining and supporting your ideas fully. This is where you begin to connect your ideas altogether.
Drafting (Writing)
This part includes the checking of the content of your work.
Check the spelling, capitalization, and punctuation. Change words that are not used correctly or are unclear. Make sure you are using the appropriate style formatting.
Editing/Proofreading (Post-Writing)
This is the part where your goal is to MAKE IT BETTER.
Revising (Post-Writing)
- Take out or add parts.
- Do more research if you think you should.
- Replace overused or unclear words.
- Read your writing aloud to be sure it flows smoothly.
Revising (Post-Writing)
- can mean to improve or perfect, or refine a piece of writing by getting rid of minor errors.
- It means that you should go over your writing and make sure you do not have any errors in grammar, spelling, punctuation, and to make sure that you do not have any sentences that do not make sense.
Polishing your Writing (Post-Writing)
Examples of primary sources
Research
Experiments or surveys
Interviews
Letters
Diaries
Legal documents
Scientific journal articles
Examples of secondary sources
Dictionaries
Encyclopedias
Textbooks
Articles
Editorials that interpret or review research works
Scholarly publications;
Author:
A professional or expert in the field
Popular publications; Author:
Journalists, students, popular authors, or maybe no authors
Scholarly publications; purpose:
Discuss and display research findings, trends, and information in a scholarly manner
Popular publications; purpose:
More general interest, current events, gossip
Scholarly publication; review policy:
Peer reviewed. Editors are scholars in the field
Popular publications; review policy
Editors or other magazine staff
Scholarly publications; audience:
Specialized audience, has a broad knowledge or is able to understand specialized vocabulary presented
Popular publications; audience:
General public, or people with basic vocabulary
Scholarly publications; advertising:
Few and highly specialized pertaining to the publication topic
Popular publications; advertising:
High amounts of advertising for a broad range of products
Scholarly publications; bibliography works, cited:
References listed at the end of each article, contains footnotes or endnotes
Popular publications; bibliography works, cited:
Rarely includes references or works cited
Scholarly publications; indexing:
Articles are listed in specialized databases and indexes
Popular publications; indexing:
Articles are listed in general databases and indexes
Scholarly publications; level of language:
Higher level of language, more scholarly and serious, vocabulary pertains and relates to discipline
Popular publications; level of language:
Simple, more broad language used to relate to a higher number of people, easier to understand
Common audio file types
Real audio
.wav
.au
.mp3
Common video and multimedia viewers
Real player
Shockwave
Most common types of graphics files on the web
.PDF
.GIF
.JPG
Animated GIF files
Many types of word processing files, spreadsheets, databases, and hypertext can be seen on the web or easily translated to HTML
Text
Common text file types
.txt
.doc
.wpd
.pdf
Text file type for plain ascii text files that can be used in any word processor or read in a web browser
.txt
Text file type for Microsoft word files
.doc
Text file type for word perfect files
.wpd
Text file type for adobe acrobat files usually viewed on the web with acrobat reader, these are graphic representations of text
Do not copy-paste the text verbatim from the reference paper. Instead, restate the idea in your own words
Understand the context
Understand the ideas of the reference source well in order to paraphrase correctly
Understand the context
Use ____ to indicate that the text has been taken from another paper. The ____ should be exactly the way they appear in the paper you take them from
Quote(s)