E4: acid base COPY Flashcards
hydrogen ion concentration causes the area to be
acidic
when h+ increases pH
goes down and acidity goes up
when H+ decreases…
ph increases and acidity goes down
CO2 + H2O H2CO3 H+ + HCO3
know this,.. it can go both ways
acid definition
H+ producing sustance
base definition
H+ accepting substance
buffer definition
substance that can absorb excess H+(acid) or OH- (base)
what are the 3 ways the body regulated acid base balance
- plasma buffer systems (fast)
- respiratory system (minutes to hours)
- Renal system (hours to days)
plasma buffer systems
- HCO3-/H2CO3
- protein buffers (hgb)(have negative charges and can bind with positive H)
- phosphate (PO4-)
- Cellular ion exchange (potassium with hydrogen exchange)
how many H+ ions can PO4- bind to
four
respiratory system regulation
-lungs regulate retention or elimination of CO2 thru changes in rate of ventilation (rate and depth)
the more CO2 blown off, pH of the blood…
rises becomes alkaline
lungs consider CO2 as an
acid
Renal system regulation
-kidneys reabsorb more HCO3- or H+ (back in BS)
OR
-excrete more HCO3- or H+ (out of body)
arterial blood gasses (ABG) normal ranges (pH, pCO2, HCO3)
pH: 7.35-7.45
pCO2: 35-45mm/Hg
HCO3-: 22-28 mEq/L