E3P: adult chronic Flashcards
guillian barre
acute, inflammatory demylinating neuromuscular disorder (polyneuropathy)
where do guillian barre clinical mani start
- toes to head (start)
- head to toes (reverse)
ALS patho
-no inflammation
-no degeneration
-decrease number of neurons
degeneration/demyelination
-sclerosis (scaring)
-damage=impulses dont get through
ALS clinical mani
- vague
- weakness “clumsey”
- decrease motor function generalized
- no sensory changes
- respiratory failure
- death
MS
autoimmune in CNS (some peripheral not directly) brain stem, cerebellum, spinal chord (plaques build here)
MS clinical mani
.
myasthenia gravis patho
depletion of achetylcholine RECEPTORS at neuromuscular junctions
IgG destroy Ach receptors (autoimmune disease)
decreased transmission of impulses leads to no muscle depolarization and no muscle contraction
myasthenia gravis clinical mani
- FLACID (decreased muscle contraction)
- insidious
- fatigue after exercise
- diplopia, ptosis
- trouble chewing swallowing
- dysphagia and atelectasis
what triggers guillian barre
virus or bacterial infection
-often seen after URI, GI, mono
Guillian barre* patho
- inflammation
- demyelination
- axon destruction
- sensory and motor dysfunction
which of these disorders has demyelination
- guillian barre
- ALS
- MS
which of these have exacerbations
- guillian barre (nadir within 30 days)
- ALS (only progressive)
- alzheimers (progressive
guillian barre clinical mani
- threat with respiratory problems
- paralysis of respiratory muscles
- decreased TV, resp, hypoxia, gag reflex and cough
ALS
- lou gehrigs disease
1. amyotropic= muscle wasting
2. lateral=motor tracts
3. sclerosis=scarring
opposite to ALS
alzheimers- not alert but phsyically fine
alzheimers patho
.
alzheimers clinical mani
.
parkinsons patho
.
alzheimers patho
senile plaques-> neurofibrillary tangles-> brain atrophy-> decreased transmission of impulses (of achetocholine)
alzheimers clinical mani
.
parkinsons patho
dopaminergic neurons are lost
parkinsons clinical mani
rigidity akinesia hypertonia tremmor shuffling gate
which gene is related to alz
APOE4 gene (produces beta amyloid protein)
parkinson’s disease
chronic degenerative progressive CNS movement disorder
what neurotransmitter is effected in parkinson’s and why
basal ganglia are pigmented neurons and they produce dopamine, this disease causes the depletion of dopamine
what kind of transmitter is dopamine
inhibitory neurotransmitter
what kind of transmitter is dopamine
inhibitory neurotransmitter
MS patho
- demylination
- inflammation
- scarring
- interruption of impulses
- molecular level- antigen presents to macrophage and is presented to “niave” t cell then crosses the BBB to the CNS and sets off autoimmune
