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PCOL > Drugs for Respiratory Disorders (Part 02) > Flashcards

Drugs for Respiratory Disorders (Part 02) Flashcards

1
Q

Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis (AR)

A

• Antihistamines / H1 Blockers
• Alpha 1 Selective Agonists / Nasal Decongestants
• Inhaled Corticosteroids

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2
Q

(T/F): Combinations of oral antihistamines with decongestants are the first-line therapies for allergic rhinitis.

A

T

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3
Q

Antihistamines / H1 Blockers that are more lipid soluble and more sedating.

A

First Generation

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4
Q

Antihistamines / H1 Blockers that are less lipid soluble and less sedating.

A

Second Generation

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5
Q

Classes under First Generation of Antihistamines / H1 Blockers.

A

• Ethanolamines
• Piperazine
• Alkylamines
• Phenothiazine
• Miscellaneous

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6
Q

Drug/s under Ethanolamines

A

• Carbinoxamine (Clistin)
• Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine)
• Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)

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7
Q

Drug/s under Piperazine

A

• Hydroxyzine (Atarax)
• Cyclizine (Marezine)
• Meclizine (Bonine)

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8
Q

Drug/s under Alkylamines

A

• Bropheniramine (Dimetane)
• Chlorpheniramine (Chlor-Trimeton)

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9
Q

Drug/s under Phenothiazine

A

Promethazine (Phenergan)

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10
Q

Drug/s under Miscellaneous in First Generation

A

Cyproheptadine (Periactin)

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11
Q

Classes under Second Generation of Antihistamines / H1 Blockers.

A

• Piperidine
• Miscellaneous

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12
Q

Drug/s under Piperidine

A

Fexofenadine (Allegra)

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13
Q

Drug/s under Miscellaneous in Second Generation

A

• Loratadine (Claritin)
• Desloratadine (Clarinex)
• Cetirizine (Zyrtec)

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14
Q

Its MOA is to constrict dilated arterioles in the nasal mucosa and reduce airway resistance by binding at alpha 1 receptors.

A

Alpha 1 Selective Agonists / Nasal Decongestants

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15
Q

An example of alpha 1 selective agonist that is available in cough and cold medications.

A

Phenylephrine

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16
Q

An example of alpha 1 selective agonist that was withdrawn in USA because it can cause hemorrhagic stroke.

A

Phenylpropanolamine

17
Q

A/E of Alpha 1 Selective Agonists / Nasal Decongestants

A

A. Systemic
• Tolerance
• Exacerbation of Hypertension
• Urinary Retention

B. Inhalation
• Rhinitis Medicamentosa

18
Q

A condition of rebound nasal congestion suspected to be brought on by extended use of topical decongestants.

A

Rhinitis Medicamentosa

19
Q

Drug/s under Inhaled Corticosteroids

A

• Budesonide
• Beclomethasone
• Fluticasone
• Flunisolide

20
Q

Drug/s used for Common Colds

A

• Decongestants
• Antihistamines
• Mucosal Removals
• Antitussives

21
Q

Vasoconstriction → Mucosal Drying

A

Decongestants

22
Q

Combat Increased Histamine = Nasal Congestion and Mucosal Irritation

A

Antihistamines

23
Q

Aid in the coughing up and spitting out of the excess mucous that has accumulated in the respiratory tract by breaking down and thinning the secretions.

A

Mucosal Removals

24
Q

Actions of Mucosal Removals

A

• Mucolytic
• Expectorant

25
Q

Loosening and thinning the respiratory tract secretions.

A

Mucolytic

26
Q

Direct stimulation of the secretory glands (submucosal gland) in the respiratory tract.

A

Expectorant

27
Q

Drug/s under Mucolytic

A

• Carbocisteine (Mucodyne, Solmux)
• Erdosteine (Erdotin, Zertin)
• Mecysteine (Visclair)
• Acetylcisteine (Fluimicil)
• Ambroxol (Mucosolvan, Sinecod)
• Bromhexine (Bisolvon)

28
Q

Drug/s under Expectorant

A

Guaifenesin (Robitussin)

29
Q

Used to inhibit cough / suppress the cough – use central or local mechanism.

A

Antitussives

30
Q

Two (2) Types of Antitussives

A
  1. Opioid
  2. Non-Opioid
31
Q

It is the only opioid used as cough medicine.

A

Codeine

32
Q

A synthetic derivative of morphine.

A

Dextromethorphan

33
Q

Cold Preparations of Antitussives

A

• Robitussin DM
• Tuseran Forte

34
Q

Generic Name of Robitussin DM

A

Dextromethorphan HBr + Guifenesin

35
Q

Generic Name of Tuseran Forte

A

Dextromethorphan HBr + Phenylephrine HCl + Paracetamol

PCOL (21 decks)

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