Drugs for Respiratory Disorders (Part 02)

Question 1

Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis (AR)

Answer 1

• Antihistamines / H1 Blockers
• Alpha 1 Selective Agonists / Nasal Decongestants
• Inhaled Corticosteroids

Question 2

(T/F): Combinations of oral antihistamines with decongestants are the first-line therapies for allergic rhinitis.

Answer 2

T

Question 3

Antihistamines / H1 Blockers that are more lipid soluble and more sedating.

Answer 3

First Generation

Question 4

Antihistamines / H1 Blockers that are less lipid soluble and less sedating.

Answer 4

Second Generation

Question 5

Classes under First Generation of Antihistamines / H1 Blockers.

Answer 5

• Ethanolamines
• Piperazine
• Alkylamines
• Phenothiazine
• Miscellaneous

Question 6

Drug/s under Ethanolamines

Answer 6

• Carbinoxamine (Clistin)
• Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine)
• Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)

Question 7

Drug/s under Piperazine

Answer 7

• Hydroxyzine (Atarax)
• Cyclizine (Marezine)
• Meclizine (Bonine)

Question 8

Drug/s under Alkylamines

Answer 8

• Bropheniramine (Dimetane)
• Chlorpheniramine (Chlor-Trimeton)

Question 9

Drug/s under Phenothiazine

Answer 9

Promethazine (Phenergan)

Question 10

Drug/s under Miscellaneous in First Generation

Answer 10

Cyproheptadine (Periactin)

Question 11

Classes under Second Generation of Antihistamines / H1 Blockers.

Answer 11

• Piperidine
• Miscellaneous

Question 12

Drug/s under Piperidine

Answer 12

Fexofenadine (Allegra)

Question 13

Drug/s under Miscellaneous in Second Generation

Answer 13

• Loratadine (Claritin)
• Desloratadine (Clarinex)
• Cetirizine (Zyrtec)

Question 14

Its MOA is to constrict dilated arterioles in the nasal mucosa and reduce airway resistance by binding at alpha 1 receptors.

Answer 14

Alpha 1 Selective Agonists / Nasal Decongestants

Question 15

An example of alpha 1 selective agonist that is available in cough and cold medications.

Answer 15

Phenylephrine

Question 16

An example of alpha 1 selective agonist that was withdrawn in USA because it can cause hemorrhagic stroke.

Answer 16

Phenylpropanolamine

Question 17

A/E of Alpha 1 Selective Agonists / Nasal Decongestants

Answer 17

A. Systemic
• Tolerance
• Exacerbation of Hypertension
• Urinary Retention

B. Inhalation
• Rhinitis Medicamentosa

Question 18

A condition of rebound nasal congestion suspected to be brought on by extended use of topical decongestants.

Answer 18

Rhinitis Medicamentosa

Question 19

Drug/s under Inhaled Corticosteroids

Answer 19

• Budesonide
• Beclomethasone
• Fluticasone
• Flunisolide

Question 20

Drug/s used for Common Colds

Answer 20

• Decongestants
• Antihistamines
• Mucosal Removals
• Antitussives

Question 21

Vasoconstriction → Mucosal Drying

Answer 21

Decongestants

Question 22

Combat Increased Histamine = Nasal Congestion and Mucosal Irritation

Answer 22

Antihistamines

Question 23

Aid in the coughing up and spitting out of the excess mucous that has accumulated in the respiratory tract by breaking down and thinning the secretions.

Answer 23

Mucosal Removals

Question 24

Actions of Mucosal Removals

Answer 24

• Mucolytic
• Expectorant

Question 25

Loosening and thinning the respiratory tract secretions.

Answer 25

Mucolytic

Question 26

Direct stimulation of the secretory glands (submucosal gland) in the respiratory tract.

Answer 26

Expectorant

Question 27

Drug/s under Mucolytic

Answer 27

• Carbocisteine (Mucodyne, Solmux) • Erdosteine (Erdotin, Zertin) • Mecysteine (Visclair) • Acetylcisteine (Fluimicil) • Ambroxol (Mucosolvan, Sinecod) • Bromhexine (Bisolvon)

Question 28

Drug/s under Expectorant

Answer 28

Guaifenesin (Robitussin)

Question 29

Used to inhibit cough / suppress the cough – use central or local mechanism.

Answer 29

Antitussives

Question 30

Two (2) Types of Antitussives

Answer 30

1. Opioid 2. Non-Opioid

Question 31

It is the only opioid used as cough medicine.

Answer 31

Codeine

Question 32

A synthetic derivative of morphine.

Answer 32

Dextromethorphan

Question 33

Cold Preparations of Antitussives

Answer 33

• Robitussin DM • Tuseran Forte

Question 34

Generic Name of Robitussin DM

Answer 34

Dextromethorphan HBr + Guifenesin

Question 35

Generic Name of Tuseran Forte

Answer 35

Dextromethorphan HBr + Phenylephrine HCl + Paracetamol