Drugs for Dyslipidemia (Part 01) Flashcards
A soft waxy substance found among lipids (fats) in the bloodstream and all cells. Needed for digesting fats, making hormones, building cell walls. Carried in particles called lipoproteins that act as transport vehicles delivering cholesterol to various body tissues to be used, stored or excreted.
Cholesterol
Excess circulating cholesterol can lead to plaque formation.
Atherosclerosis
This catalyze the rate limiting step.
HMG-CoA Reductase
For Vitamin D, Steroid Hormones, Bile Acids, Proteins, Cell Membrane
Cholesterol
Stores bile acid produced by the liver.
Gallbladder
Collects blood from the various segments of the GIT that perfuse in the liver. Carries nutrient to the liver. It also facilitates enterohepatic recirculation / biliary recycling.
Hepatic Portal Vein
A tube that carries bile from the liver and the gallbladder through the pancreas and into the duodenum.
Common Bile Duct
The cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids are transported in the bloodstream as complexes of lipid and proteins.
Lipoproteins
Bad Cholesterol
Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL)
The major cholesterol carrier in the blood. Excess most likely to lead to plaque formation.
Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL)
Good Cholesterol
High Density Lipoprotein (HDL)
Transports cholesterol away from arteries and back to the liver to be eliminated. Removes excess cholesterol from plaques, slowing growth.
High Density Lipoprotein (HDL)
It is secreted by the liver and export triglycerides & cholesterol to peripheral tissues. A precursor of LDL.
Very Low Density Lipoprotein (VLDL)
A fat that is located deep within your abdominal organs.
Visceral Fat
A fat just under the skin.
Subcutaneous Fat
It is the chemical form in which most fat exists in foods as well as in the body. Develop when calories are not burned right away and are stored in fat cells. Store unused calories and provide your body with energy.
Triglycerides
Formed in the intestine and carry triglycerides from dietary origin.
Chylomicrons
Also known as Hyperlipoproteinemia / Dyslipidemia
Hyperlipidemia
It describes an increased concentration of the lipoprotein macromolecules that transport lipids in the plasma.
Hyperlipidemia
Pathophysiology of Hyperlipidemia
- Genetic
- Environment / Lifestyle Factors
Two (2) Types of Dyslipidemia (Based on Cause)
- Primary Dyslipidemia
- Secondary Dyslipidemia
Single or multiple gene mutation resulting in disturbance of LDL, HDL and triglyceride, production or clearance.
Primary Dyslipidemia
Four (4) Types of Primary Dyslipidemia
- Familial Combined Hyperlipidemia
- Familial Hyper-Apo Beta Lipoproteinemia
- Familial Hypertriglyceridemia
- Homozygous Familial
It is caused by lifestyle factors, medical conditions that interfere with blood lipid levels over time.
Secondary Dyslipidemia
Four (4) Types of Dyslipidemia (Based on Abnormality in Lipid Profile)
- Hypercholesterolemia
- Hypertriglyceridemia
- Chylomicronemia
- Hypoalphalipoproteinemia
“High Cholesterol”
Hypercholesterolemia
A medical term for abnormally high levels of cholesterol in the blood. Elevated Total Cholesterol (ETC).
Hypercholesterolemia
A condition in which triglyceride levels are elevated. Elevated Triglycerides (TG).
Hypertriglyceridemia
A disorder in which the body does not break down fats (lipids) correctly. Deficiency of Chylomicrons.
Chylomicronemia
A rare lipoprotein metabolism disorder characterized by deficiency of HDL.
Hypoalphalipoproteinemia
