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PCOL > Drugs for Bone and Joint Disorder (Part 02) > Flashcards

Drugs for Bone and Joint Disorder (Part 02) Flashcards

1
Q

Drug/s for Acute Gouty Arthritis

A
  1. Indomethacin (Indocin)
  2. Colchicine
  3. Corticosteroids
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2
Q

An NSAID that is potent inhibitor of COX enzyme. As effective as colchicine but less GI toxicity.

A

Indomethacin (Indocin)

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3
Q

Isolated from Autumn crocus (Colchicum autumnale). A microtubule synthesis inhibitor. Inhibit macrophage migration and phagocytic activity.

A

Colchicine

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4
Q

A short-intermediate acting, usually useful in gout. For resistant patients.

A

Corticosteroids

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5
Q

Example/s of Corticosteroids

A
  1. Prednisone
  2. ACTH
  3. Triamcinolone
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6
Q

Drug/s for Chronic Gouty Arthritis

A
  1. Allopurinol (Zyloprim)
  2. Uricosuric Agents
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7
Q

A xanthine oxidase inhibitor. Indicated for patients with renal failure and leukemia.

A

Allopurinol (Zyloprim)

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8
Q

A non-purine inhibitor of xanthine oxidase that is under clinical trials.

A

Febuxostat

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9
Q

Inhibit renal tubular reabsorption of uric acid. Maintain adequate urine flow, alkalinize urine with NaHCO3.

A

Uricosuric Agents

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10
Q

Example/s of Uricosuric Agents

A
  1. Probenecid
  2. Sulfinpyrazone
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11
Q

Drug/s for Ostheoarthritis

A
  1. Acetaminophen
  2. NSAIDs
  3. Corticosteroids
  4. Opioid / Narcotic Analgesics
  5. Capsaicin (Zostrix)
  6. Glucosamine and Chondroitin
  7. Hyaluronate Injection
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12
Q

It inhibits PG synthesis; dec. pain and inflammation.

A

Acetaminophen

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13
Q

It inhibits COX enzyme, dec. PG synthesis; dec. pain and inflammation.

A

NSAIDs

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14
Q

Only the intraarticular route is effective for osteoarthritis.

A

Corticosteroids

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15
Q

For unresponsive patients, and contraindicated to NSAIDs. Inhibition of mu receptor.

A

Opioid / Narcotic Analgesics

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16
Q

It inhibit substance P (the pain transmitter in the nerves). It is topical indicated for post-herpetic neuralgia, neuropathic pain.

A

Capsaicin (Zostrix)

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17
Q

A transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V which provides sensation of scalding heat.

A

Activation of TRPV1

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18
Q

The dietary supplements shown to alleviate pain, slows down loss of cartilage.

A

Glucosamine and Chondroitin

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19
Q

These are components of normal cartilage. They are building block of cartilage.

A

Glucosamine and Chondroitin Sulfate

20
Q

Hylan GF20, reported to decrease pain.

A

Hyaluronate Injection

21
Q

It promotes the growth and development of cartilage and bone. It increases the growth of new cells and tissues.

A

Hyaluronic Acid

22
Q

Drug/s for Rheumatoid Arthritis

A
  1. Salicylates and NSAIDs
  2. Corticosteroids
  3. DMARDs
  4. Gold Preparations
  5. Azathioprine (Imuran)
  6. Penicillamine (Cuprimine)
  7. Cyclosporine
23
Q

NSAIDs and COX-2 inhibitors that reduce joint pain and swelling but they do not alter the course of the disease or prevent joint destruction.

A

Salicylates and NSAIDs

24
Q

It can work well either orally or parenterally. They have excellent anti-inflammatory activity and are immunosuppressants. Used as bridging therapy (as long as DMARDs are taking effect).

A

Corticosteroids

25
Q

These are not clearly defined but they act at different stages in the pathogenesis to control symptoms and modulate immune response.

A

DMARDs

26
Q

Drug/s under DMARDs

A
  1. Leflunomide (Arava)
  2. Etanercept (Enbrel)
  3. Infliximab (Remicide)
  4. Anakinra (Kineret)
  5. Methotrexate
27
Q

It inhibits pyrimidine synthesis and is indicated as monotherapy for RA.

A

Leflunomide (Arava)

28
Q

It binds to TNF-alpha and beta, inhibiting the inflammatory response mediated by immune cells. It is indicated as monotherapy or in conjunction with methotrexate.

A

Etanercept (Enbrel)

29
Q

It binds to TNF-alpha. Superior than methotrexate alone.

A

Infliximab (Remicide)

30
Q

The newest DMARD is an interleukin-1 receptor antagonist.

A

Anakinra (Kineret)

31
Q

A class of glycoprotein that is produced by leukocytes for regulating immune response.

A

Interleukin

32
Q

A DHF reductase inhibitor.

A

Methotrexate

33
Q

The mechanism of action is unknown. Dermatologic reactions are the most common side effect and are seen in approximately 15% of patients.

A

Gold Preparations

34
Q

Drug/s under Gold Preparations

A
  1. Aurothioglucose
  2. Gold Na Thiomalate
  3. Auranofin
35
Q

It is converted to 6-mercaptopurine in the body and is non-specific purine synthesis inhibitor.

A

Azathioprine (Imuran)

36
Q

The mechanism of action of this drug in rheumatoid arthritis is unknown but it may be related to reduction of collagen formation.

A

Penicillamine (Cuprimine)

37
Q

It binds to intracellular receptor, cyclophiline. This complex inhibits calcineurin.

A

Cyclosporine

38
Q

An intracellular phosphatase, which involves activation of the promoter region for the gene encoding cytokine, such as interleukin.

A

Calcineurin

39
Q

Drug/s for Osteoporosis

A
  1. Calcium Carbonate
  2. Biphosphonates
  3. SERMs
  4. Calcitonin (Calcimar)
  5. Teriparatide (Forteo)
  6. Estrogen and Hormonal Therapy
  7. Phytoestrogens
  8. Testosterone and Anabolic Steroids
40
Q

A salt of choice.

A

Calcium Carbonate

41
Q

Bind to hydroxyapatite in bone and inhibits osteoclast adherence.

A

Biphosphonates

42
Q

Estrogen agonist at bone but antagonist in the breast and uterus.

A

SERMs

43
Q

Released in thyroid when calcium is elevated. It acts by decreasing bone resorption (osteoclasts).

A

Calcitonin (Calcimar)

44
Q

It is more potent and longer lasting compare to human calcitonin.

A

Salmon Calcitonin

45
Q

A parathyroid hormone analog. It contains first 34 amino acids in human PTH. The 2nd line agent for severe osteoporosis who are at high risk of bone fractures.

A

Teriparatide (Forteo)

PCOL (21 decks)

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