Drug Cards Flashcards
Non- opioid Analgesics
(non sedating).
Given for:
antifever/inflammation/pain reducer.
NSAIDs & Acetaminophen
S/E:
Gi bleeds
Bad for asthma
Drugs include:
Naproxen
Aspirin
Ibuprofen & Indomethacin
Ketorolac
Opioid Analgesics
(Causes drowsiness) - CNS depressants.
Slows down heart, lungs & brain.
Uses: reduce anxiety, operative sedation, end of life care, pain
S/E: decrease vitals, decreased GI function,
**can cause respiratory depression. Check RR first before administering
Drugs include: (-done, -one)
Hydromorphone
Codeine
OxyContin
Fentanyl
Morphine sulfate
Opioid Antagonist
Uses: antidotes to reverse opioid. Given during respiratory depression ( RR -12/min) and unarousable patient.
Drugs include:
Naloxone (Narcan)
Barbiturates
(No antidote)
Uses: sedative , hypnotic drugs that depress CNS, for seizures, insomnia, before surgery
Class: barbiturates
S/E: drowsy, very relaxed, senses dulled
Contraindication: alcohol
Drugs include: (-barbital , -ital)
Phenobarbital
Pentobarbital
Thiopental
Secobarbital
Butalbital
Methohexital
Benzodiazepines
( aka anxiolytic, antianxiety)
Uses: depression of CNS to cause calmness. Treats anxiety, seizure, decrease muscle tensions
S/E: decrease vitals , decrease GI, sedation, dry mouth, dizziness.
Contraindication: alcohol and other CNS depressants
Drugs include: (-zepam, -zolam)
Alprazolam
Lorazepam
Diazepam
Clonazepam
Antidote:
Flumazenil
Muscle Relaxants
Uses: relax muscles by blocks calciums in muscles to prevent contractions
S/E: sedation, drowsiness, dizziness, liver toxicity
Contraindication: alcohol, liver impairment, hepatitis. DO NOT stop abruptly. Do not give to MS and liver cirrhosis.
Drugs include:
Dantrolene
Cyclobenzaprine
Carisoprodpol
Baclofen
CNS Stimulants
Uses: elevate mood, increase task performance
S/E: increase vitals, insomnia, HA, dizziness, dry mouth
Contraindication: cardiac problems, HTN, use of MAOIs
Drugs include:
Amphetamine
Methylphenidate
Atomoxetine
Lisdexamfetamine
Modafinil
Phentermine
Anti - Migraine
Uses: vasoconstriction to reduce HA (for less blood flow to stop HA.)
S/E: tingling, flushing, rebound HA
Contraindication: cardiac problems
Drugs include: (-triptan)
Naratriptan
Rizatriptan
Sumatriptan
Antiepileptics (anti seizure)
Uses: anti seizure
S/E: gingival hyperplasia (phenytoin), GI upset, vision issues, dizzines.
Contraindication: hepatic failure, glaucoma
Drugs include:
Phenytoin
Topiramate
Levetiracetam
Primidone
Anti Parkinson’s
Uses:
helps control symptoms of Parkinson’s. Fully effective in 2-6 weeks.
MOA:
increases dopamine in the brain. Carbidopa prevents breakdown of levodopa before it reaches the brain.
S/E:
dizziness, drowsiness, orthostatic hypotension, dark color of urine, saliva or sweat.
Contraindication:
Don’t take with MAOIs (can cause hypertensive crisis).
High protein can block effects of levodopa.
Drugs include:
Carbidopa-Levodopa (sinemet)
Adrenergic Agonists
Uses:
Increase HR, BP, RR and pupil size. Used for treatment of lung disease, allergic reaction, restore heart beat, etc.
MOA:
stimulate and mimic actions of SNS (fight or flight).
S/E: dizziness, HA, light head, nausea
Contraindication:
Drugs include:
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
Dopamine
Albuterol
Adrenergic Antagonist
Uses:
Slows HR, relaxation of blood vessels, reduce oxygen demand. Treatment for HTN, chest pain, CHF, abnormal HR.
MOA: block the effects of adrenaline causing relaxing effect.
S/E: hypotension, dizziness
Contraindication:
Drugs include:
Beta Blockers
Doxazosin
Terazosin
Prazosin
Propanolol
Phentolamine
Cholinergic meds
Uses:
Myasthenia Gravis. Helps to lube up the dry body with secretions.
S/E:
cholinergic crisis (too much secretions from drug working too well). Pupil constriction, increase in tears, drool, diarrhea and sweat.
Contraindication:
Drugs include: (-stigmine)
Neostigmine
Pyridostigmine
Anticholinergics
Uses: block effects of acetylcholine (dries things out). Used for tremors, eye surgery, stomach cramps, excessive sweating.
Turns off PNS (parasympathetic).
S/E:
blurred vision, dry mouth, urinary retention, constipation, tachycardia, hyperthermia.
Contraindication:
increase risk of overheating and bleeding ( blood thinners caution)
Drugs include:
Atropine
Antihistamine
Antipsychotics
Benztropine
Oxybutynin
Anxiolytics
USE: for anxiety, seizures, alcohol withdrawal and presurgery.
MOA: increase effect of Gaba in the CNS.
S/E: benzo/barbs are sedatives. Respiratory depression, drug dependency
CONTRAINDICATIONS: other sedatives, alcohol.
DRUGS: (-lam, -pam)
Benzodiazepines
Barbiturates
Buspirone (non sedative)
