Chapter 33: Adrenal Drugs

Question 1

Short acting corticosteroids:

Answer 1

1. Cortisone: orally only
2. Hydrocortisone: orally, IV, IM & topical

Question 2

Intermediate acting corticosteroids:

Answer 2

1. Prednisone: orally only
2. Prednisolone: oral, IV, topical
3. Methylprednisolone: oral, IV, IM

Question 3

Long acting corticosteroids:

Answer 3

1. Betamethasone: oral, IV, IM
2. Dexamethasone: oral, IV, IM, topical

Question 4

Inhaled corticosteroids

Answer 4

These medications are only good for maintenance and prevention. Not for sudden acute treatment.

• Fluticasone
• Beclomethasone
• Budesonide
• Mometasone

Question 5

Inhaled bronchodilator

Answer 5

Salmeterol & Albuterol provides immediate relief of symptoms by relaxing smooth muscles of airway

Question 6

3 groups of Bronchodilators:

Answer 6

• Beta 2 agonists
• Anticholinergics
• Methylxanthines

Provides bronchial smooth muscle relaxation, improved airflow.

Question 7

Which inhaler is used for quick symptom relief in acute asthmatic attacks?

Answer 7

SABAs like Albuterol

Question 8

Which inhaler is used for maintenance treatment for asthma or COPD?

Answer 8

LABAs (salmeterol) used w/ inhaled corticosteroid like Budesonide.

Question 9

Inhaled Anticholinergics

Answer 9

• ipratropium
• tiotropium

Question 10

Methylxanthines
(Theophylline)

Answer 10

Non inhaled drugs which treats asthma and COPD.

Available oral and IV only .

Question 11

Theothylline toxic level

Answer 11

Occurs at levels greater than 20 mcg/ml

Question 12

Glucocorticoids can cause ______ when taken systematically.

Answer 12

Hypokalemia.

Question 13

Which medication is a mast cell stabilizer?

Answer 13

Cromolyn

Question 14

Which pulmonary disease is characterized by enlargement of air spaces caused by destruction of the alveolar walls?

Answer 14

Emphysema

Question 15

Inhaled ipratropium can cause ____.

Answer 15

Dry mouth

Question 16

Which medication for asthma can suppress bone growth in children?

Answer 16

Corticosteroids

Question 17

Which drug is a long acting beta agonist (LABA) inhaler?

Answer 17

Salmeterol
Formoterol

Question 18

How long does it take for ipratropium to have its maximum effect?

Answer 18

1-2 hours

Question 19

Monteklukast is contraindicated with ______ allergy.

Answer 19

Lactose allergy

Question 20

Which medication disrupts inflammatory response and used for treatment of asthma?

Answer 20

Montekulast

Question 21

Adverse effects of albuterol

Answer 21

Tremors
Palpitations
Tachycardia

Question 22

Which medication used for asthma, is approved for children 1yr + and available for oral use only?

Answer 22

Montelukast

Question 23

Which thyroid condition causes moon face, acne, increased fat pads and swelling who is taking methylprednisolone?

Answer 23

Cushing’s syndrome

Question 24

Which drugs prevent inflammation provoked by mast cells?

Answer 24

Corticosteroids

Question 25

What is the frequency of inhalation of Salmeterol?

Answer 25

Inhale it twice a day, 12 hours apart

Question 26

Which lab parameter should be monitored while taking theophylline?

Answer 26

Serum level of the drug

Question 27

Which side effect of a Beta agonist bronchodilator needs to be reported to MD?

Answer 27

Tachycardia

Question 28

What is the correct way to administer albuterol and Beclomethasone inhalers?

Answer 28

Administer albuterol, wait 5 minutes, then administer beclomethasone

Question 29

What will be administered first to a patient with history of asthma who is wheezing and is hypoxic?

Answer 29

Beta2 agonist

Question 30

Taking rifampin with xanthine can cause ____.

Answer 30

theophylline levels are decreased

Question 31

What action can help improve absorption of tiotropium into the lungs?

Answer 31

Wait 1-2 minutes before inhaling second dose.

Question 32

What is the use for Zafirlukast (an antileukotriene agent)?

Answer 32

This medication will prevent the inflammation that causes your asthma attack.

Question 33

All steroid medications can cause these 4 side effects:

Answer 33

1. GLUCOSE : increase in serum glucose
2. INFECTION: masks the s/sx of infection, can lower your immune system.
3. Highly ULCERATIVE: when taken on empty stomach can cause ulcers. advised to take with food, or with antacids
4. POROUS BONES: can make bones brittle