DNA structure Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

Frederick Griffith

A

studied bacteria that cause pneumonia
2 strains: R (rough)-harmless & S (smooth)-deadly
experiment:
heat the S strain=harmless
live R+heated S=deadly
Saw that there was a transforming factor that caused the R strain to turn into the S strain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Oswald Avery (Colin McCleod and Maclyn McCarty)

A

Rationalized that there are specific macromolecules in a cell
Used enzymes to destroy each type of macromolecule in the “S” strain, theorizing that the “S” would transform into an “R” strain when its factor is destroyed
Found the transforming factor to be DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase

A

studied bacteriophages=a viruse that attacks bacteria.
Labelled virus with radioactive isotopes: Proteins with sulfur and DNA with phosphorus
Found that DNA is the genetic information of cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Linus Pauling

A

Caltech professor
Nobel Prizes: proteins & peace
Was believed to be a communist because he was against the creation of nuclear weapons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

James Watson & Francis Circk

A

Watson: 23 yr old American
Crick: 35 yr old physical chemist
Used work of Rosalind Franklin & Maurice Wilkins
Discovered DNA: is 2 chains of monomers & has a twisted shape=double helix
Crick discovered they 2 chains were antiparallel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Irwin Chargraff

A

Established the Base pair rule
In a cell:
the amount of Thymine will always match the amount of adenine
the amount of Cytosine will always match the amount of guanine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Nitrogenous bases

A

thymine, cytosine,adenine,guanine

what holds 2 strands together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

purine

A

2 ring shape

adenine & guanine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

pyrimidine

A

1 ring shape

thymine & cytosine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

deoxyribonucleic acid

A

DNA

uses sugar deoxyribose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly