BioChem Exam Flashcards

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0
Q

Saturated fatty acid

A

A fat in which all 3 fatty acid chains contain the maximum # of hydrogen atoms; solid at room temperature

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1
Q

Solution

A

A uniform mixture where one substance dissolves into another

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2
Q

Unsaturated fatty acid

A

Contains less than maximum # of hydrogen atoms in 1 or more of its fatty acid chains; liquid at room temp.

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3
Q

Covalent bond

A

Formed when 2 atoms share valence electrons

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4
Q

Ionic bond

A

Bond formed when electrons are transferred from one atom to another resulting in opposite ions, that chemically attract

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5
Q

Concentration

A

The amount of solute(more) to solvent

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6
Q

Saturated

A

So much solute can’t dissolve (concentrated)

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7
Q

Inorganic

A

Non carbon containing

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8
Q

Molecular structure

A

Shows how a molecules atoms are arranged

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9
Q

Macromolecule

A

Large organic biological polymers

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10
Q

Disaccharide

A

When 2 sugars are tied together

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11
Q

Polysaccharide

A

Long chains of sugar monomers

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12
Q

Lactose

A

glu + gala

Milk sugar

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13
Q

Sucrose

A

Double sugar, glucose + fructose

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14
Q

Cellulose

A

A building polymer

Stiffens plant & protects cells

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15
Q

Glycogen

A

Large sugar storage unit in animals

Structure: branches chains of glucose

16
Q

Chitin

A

Structure: long chain of glucose with nitrogen parts
Function: structural- used to build
Ex. Bug exoskeletons

17
Q

Triglyceride

A

A compound consisting of 3 fatty acids

Store energy in animals (in blood)

18
Q

Sterol

A

Type of fat
Structure: 4 rings fused of C & H
Chemical message: hormones / part of cell membranes (barriers)

19
Q

Glycerol

A

Guiding

20
Q

Cholesterol

A

An essential molecule found in the membranes that surround your cells; the starting point from which your body produces steroids

21
Q

Peptide bond

A

A covalent bond that is formed between 2 molecules when the carboxyl group of one molecule reacts with the amino group of another, releasing a water molecule
CO-NH

22
Q

Amino acid

A

The monomer of a protein

23
Q

Globular/fiberous shapes

A

Furor

24
Q

Active site

A

The pocket in enzyme where the substrate fits

25
Q

Substrate

A

The reactants the enzyme works on

26
Q

Polypeptide

A

Protein polymers

27
Q

R (variable) region

A

Responsible for the particular chemical properties of each amino acid

28
Q

Catalyst

A

A compound that speeds up chemical reactions

29
Q

Enzyme

A

A catalyst that lowers the energy requirement barrier so that the reaction can proceed at normal cell temperatures.