Cell Cycle and Mitosis Quiz

Question 1

Cell Cycle

Answer 1

an ordered series of events in the life of a eukaryotic cell

Question 2

Interphase

Answer 2

the stage during which a cell carries out its metabolic processes and performs its function.
Made up of 3 stages: G1, S, G2

Question 3

G1

Answer 3

When the cell is growing

Question 4

S

Answer 4

S phase or synthesis is when the DNA or more chromatin are being duplicated

Question 5

G2

Answer 5

the phase when the cell prepares for division by making copies of its organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplasts

Question 6

M-phase

Answer 6

M phase: chromosomes divide

Question 7

G0

Answer 7

cells never divide, remain in G1 but eventually stop growing

ex. nerve cells

Question 8

Mitosis

Answer 8

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase

Question 9

Prophase

Answer 9

1st step of Mitosis where chromosomes finish forming and the nucleolus and nuclear envelope break down

Question 10

Metaphase

Answer 10

2nd phase

Spindle fibers move chromosomes to the equator, between the poles of the cell

Question 11

Anaphase

Answer 11

3rd stage when the chromatids separate because the microtubules in the spindle fibers shorten

Question 12

Telophase

Answer 12

Final stage where 2 nuclear envelopes reform around the chromosome sets. 2 chromosomes uncoil, spindle fibers disappear.

Question 13

Histones

Answer 13

protein that DNA spools around during G2 when chromosomes are forming

Question 14

Chromatin

Answer 14

Coiled strands of DNA inside the nucleus, turns into chromosomes when cell divides.
During telophase as the chromosomes uncoil they reappear as chromatin

Question 15

Chromosome

Answer 15

Condense and compact structures of chromatin

Question 16

Chromatid

Answer 16

Or duplicated chromosome is an identical copy of the chromosome

Question 17

Centromere

Answer 17

The region where the duplicated chromosomes(chromatids) are tightly joined

Question 18

Spindle fibers

Answer 18

Framework of microtubules(protein)

Question 19

Centrioles

Answer 19

Microtubules arranged in a ring
Only found in animal cells
Unknown function
During G2 the centrioles replicates

Question 20

Aster

Answer 20

Short microtubules in “A star” pattern around the centrioles

Acts as a substitute cytoskeleton in animal cells only

Question 21

Cell equator

Answer 21

Between the poles of the cell (ends)

Question 22

Cytokinesis

Answer 22

The final division of the cytoplasm, forming 2 daughter cells.

Question 23

Cell plate

Answer 23

Plant cells divide many making a cell plate
Golgi makes vesicles which align at the equator, the cell plate forms from the fusion of vesicles & the cell wall eventually forms

Question 24

Cleavage furrow

Answer 24

During cytokinesis the micro filaments shorten, acting like a drawstring, pinching the cells and causing them to divide

Question 25

Sexual reproduction

Answer 25

When 2 parents are involved in the production of offspring
Genetic material from both parents combine
Involves union of sex cells, such as an egg & a sperm

Question 26

Asexual reproduction

Answer 26

A single cell or group of cells each duplicate it’s genetic material and then splits into 2 new genetically identical cells
Some multicellular organisms like a sea star can reproduce this way.

Question 27

Meiosis

Answer 27

Type of cell division that produces four cells, each with half as many chromosomes as the parent cell.

Question 28

Cancer

Answer 28

Uncontrolled cell reproduction