Cell Parts Quiz

Question 1

Prokaryotes

Answer 1

cells that lack membrane bound organelles
(ie nucleus)
• bacteria, archaea

Question 2

Eukaryotes

Answer 2

cells with membrane bound organelles

•plants, animals, fungus

Question 3

organelle

Answer 3

Cell parts with specific structures and functions

Question 4

Nucleus

Answer 4

• Located in the center of the cell

* houses genetic material in form of DNA

Question 5

Nuclear Envelope

Answer 5

Surrounds the Nucleus

Question 6

Nucleolus

Answer 6

the dark region inside the nucleus

•makes small organelles called ribosomes

Question 7

Chromatin

Answer 7

Coiled strands of DNA inside the nucleus

•turns into chromosomes when cell wants to divide

Question 8

Cell membrane

Answer 8

A protective layer that covers the cell’s surface and controls what moves in and out of the cell

Question 9

Cytoplasm

Answer 9

The region b/w nucleus and outer membrane

•holds most organelles,

Question 10

Cytosol

Answer 10

solution of water, ions, macro molecules

•cytoplasm structure

Question 11

Cytoskeleton

Answer 11

supports structure, made of 2 fiberous proteins
•tubes called microtubule
•rods called microfilament
provides mechanical support,
holds many organelles in place,
can help the cell move

Question 12

Ribosomes

Answer 12

Make the cell’s protein, smallest organelle
•all cells have
•suspended & free floating in the cytoplasm
•attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum
•made of proteins and RNA
•lacks membrane, found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells

Question 13

sER

Answer 13

Cell detox center-breaks downs toxin, makes lipids, hormones, sterols
•S:Membrane folded as channels
•L:Part of endomembrane system in cytoplasm

Question 14

rER

Answer 14

Modifies proteins, gives globby shape
•Folds or adds parts, can be released into blood
•L:part of endomembrane system in the cytoplasm
•S:membrane folded as channels, ribosomes attached to outside of the rER

Question 15

Golgi Body

Answer 15

acts like UPS station, one side serves as a receiving dock for vesicles transported from ER. Enzymes in Golgi refine & modify the ER products by altering the chemical structure
•L:part of endomembrane system in cytoplasm
•S: a stack of flat membrane stacks, looks like stack of pita
•products are either fused w/plasma membrane & released into blood or to another organelle/lysosome

Question 16

Lysosome

Answer 16

“cleanup crew” Helps digest food and bacteria in cells like in white blood cells & digests worn out organelles
•only in animals
•S:membrane bound sac filled with enzymes (digestive)

Question 17

endomembrane system

Answer 17

different membranes in cytoplasm

Question 18

Vacuole

Answer 18

Stores water and salt, in flowers cells stores pigments. If vacuole absorbs water, the cells will expand
•found in the center of plants cells
•large membrane bound sac

Question 19

Vesicle

Answer 19

Membrane that transports proteins, enzymes, etc.

Question 20

Mitochondria

Answer 20

turns sugar into ATP (cell energy) in process called cell respiration
•found in all eukaryotes
•has 2 membranes with the inner membrane folded
•center filled with enzymes and small piece of DNA

Question 21

Chloroplast

Answer 21

The photosynthetic organelle that traps light and converts it to chemical energy (glucose)
•Found in algae and plant cells
•Contains own DNA, 2 outer membrane sacks, inner green sacs/powerpacks