Bacteria through biomes Flashcards
Domains
Archean, Bacteria, Eukaryotes
cladogram
a phylogenetic diagram that specifies unique features
Archaea
More like us than bacteria. Ancient extremophiles with different cell wall than bacteria and have histones like eukaryotes
Bacteria
unicellular prokaryote, obtains energy all ways and reproduces asexually.
ex. E.coli
Extremophile
Likes extreme environments.
Halophile like places with high concentration of salt (Dead Sea)
Thermophiles likes hot climate(Hot Springs)
Cell shapes
Cocci: round
Bacillus: rod shaped
Spirilla: Spiral
Peptidoglycan
different sugar protein in bacteria cell wall.
antibiotics
work towards destroying the cell wall and the ribosomes(different than ours)
binary fission
asexual reproduction of bacteria, does not use spindle fibers
conjugation
pass plasmid through mating bridge pili
chemoautotroph
use chemicals like nitrites and H2S for energy
ex. archae in dark caves
photoautotroph
use light like plants
chemoheterotroph
get energy by eating organic food
decomposer
breaks down food/waste
obligate aerobe
dies without O2
obligate anaerobe
dies when exposed to O2 (tetanus)
bioremediation
waste break down, septic tanks, oil spills
Protista
Eukaryote, uni/multi cellular, a/sexual, produce energy all ways.
Algae/Seaweed
plant like protista, obtain energy through sunlight (PA)
also used commercially
Slime molds
Fungi like protista, don’t do photosynthesis, eat & reproduce like mushrooms, unicellular and multicellular stages
Protozoa
animal like protista, unicellular, heterotrophs
ex. paramecium, amoeba, malaria
why we shouldn’t drink water in foreign countries
Fungus
Heterotrophic decomposers
Spores
way of reproducing asexually
Mycelium
Long continuous thread of fungus cells made of hyphae
Chitin
what the cell wall is made of
Plantae
all plants
xylem cells
carries water up a plant
phloem cells
carries the sugar that the leaves made (plant food)
Leaves
CO3 and H2O taken in through
cuticle
waxy outer surface of the leaf
stomata
pores in leaves where plants “breathe”
roots
used to anchor the plant and absorb water and nutrients for it. Also store sugar and other carbs for other functions
fruit
sugar protecting for the seed that helps with dissemination
flowers
Help with reproduction of plants, store pollen. Certain flowers shapes and color attracts certain organisms which helps with pollinating
Ecology
The study of the interactions b/w life forms and their environment
biomes
specific regions of earth identified by their climate and life forms
Climatograph
show the precipitation and temperature of a region
Savannah
Tropical, high temperature, less rainfall than tropical rain forest
grasslands, scattered trees
temperate grassland
season droughts, occasional fires, less water and lower temperatures than savannahs
grasses
taiga/conifer forest
cold winters, heavy snowfall
cone-bearing trees
tundra
very cold winters, permafrost, high winds, little rainfall
grasses
sedges
desert
hot, dry, cacti, scattered trees
deciduous forest
warm summers, cold winters, moderate precipitation
deciduous trees
