DLA Airflow/airways acronyms/definitions Flashcards
EPP
equal pressure point= when pressure inside the airway is equal to pressure outside
PTM
transmural pressure gradient
PTA
TAP trans airway pressure gradient
PTP
transpulmonary pressure gradient
PIP
intrapleural pressure
PA
alveolar pressure
TLC
total lung capacity
PEF
peak expiratory flow
FEV1
forced expiratory flow in 1 second
RV
where you can’t exhale anymore difference residual volume
what does the effort dependent portion of the graph depend on?
velocity and force of contraction
elastic recoil of lung and airway patency
what is the effort independent portion due to?
elastic recoil lung airway resistance (EPP=equal pressure point) dynamic compression and airway resistance with lung volume
what occurs to resistance and flow in dynamic compression?
flow is limited and resistance is increased as interpleural pressure increases
= results in effort independence of the flow-volume loop
pleura presser is _____ during forced expiration
positive
as lung volume declines, resistance_____ due to decrease in structural support at low lung volumes
increases
emphysema and COPD are characterized by _____lung compliance and _____elasticity
high and low
also sucky recoil.. alveoli pressure was supposed to be +10 but it is +2
the airway pressure found here is lower than its supposed (32 instead of 40 at strong expiration) to be and inter pleural pressure is 30.
In what direction does the flow volume loop shift if there is obstruction?
left
In was direction does restriction shift the flow volume loop?
shifts it right
there is _______ airway resistance and _______ airway generation as you go down a lung from segmental bronchi to terminal bronchioles
decreased and more
As volume ______ resistance _______
increases, decreases
at terminal bronchioles airflow is _______. at the trachea airflow is _______.
Transitional flow_____.
In laminar conditions airflow is proportional to ______
in turbulent flow airflow is proportional to _______.
laminar, turbulent, both, change in pressure, square root of change in pressure
this is from
flow= change in pressure / resistance
How does CO go through pulmonary circulation?
in series
what is the mean pressure of pulmonary artery in pulmonary circulation?
left atrium?
driving pressure?
15 mmHg
8 mmHg
15-8=7
what is the difference between a pulmonary capillary bed and systemic capillary network in terms of resistance and area?
pulmonary capillary bed has larger cross sectional area which means less resistance.
on the contrary in systemic circulation the capillary network has smaller cross sectional area so more resistance
In alveolar vessels Increased lung volume during end max inspiration has \_\_\_\_ air pressure on BV \_\_\_\_ radius, alveolar vessels compressed \_\_\_\_ resistance \_\_\_\_ flow
increased
decreased
increased
decreased
they depend on air pressure directly
In Extra alveolar vessels Increased lung volume end max inspiration has Pleural pressure \_\_\_\_ negative \_\_\_\_ radius \_\_\_\_ resistance \_\_\_\_ flow
more
increased
decreased
increased
depend on intrapleural space pressure
In alveolar vessels decreased lung volume end max expiration has \_\_\_\_ air pressure on BV \_\_\_\_ radius, alveolar vessels open \_\_\_\_ resistance \_\_\_\_ flow
decreased
increased
decreased
increased
In Extra alveolar vessels decreased lung volume end max expiration has pleural pressure \_\_\_\_\_\_ negative \_\_\_\_ radius \_\_\_\_ resistance \_\_\_\_ flow
less
decreased
more
decreased
how do you increase pulmonary vascular resistance?
increasing arterial pressures from low levels
recruitment= using already available cross sectional area, some capillary networks have no blood flow in the lungs this increases cardiac output
Distention= vasodilation can open new cross sectional area to further augment total cross sectional area
